Abdul Rahim, M.H. et al. 2026. Scriptural Precision in the Malay World: Reforming the Jawi Vowel System for Qur’ānic Integrity Using the Nuqtah al-I’jām Method. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization. 16, 1 (May 2026), 53–69. DOI:https://doi.org/10.32350/jitc.161.04.