Elidrissi, Elbane Mahfoudh, Suleiman Salem Alsaraireh, and Muhammad Ahmad Ibrahim Aljahsh. “The Genesis of Islamic Provincial Governance: Administrative Structures and Gubernatorial Appointments During the Prophetic Era (1-11 AH 622-632 CE)”. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization 16, no. 2 (August 30, 2026). Accessed September 11, 2026. https://journals.umt.edu.pk/index.php/JITC/article/view/7704.