Arab Solutions to Arab Problems: A Critical Appraisal

ZEKERI MOMOH — Mon, 01 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study seeks to answer the following research questions: What internal and external factors contribute to the persistent conflicts in Arab states, and to what extent can indigenous regional efforts lead to sustainable peace? Data for this study were collected from secondary sources, while content analysis was used for the analysis. The concept of "Arab solutions to Arab problems" is situated within the context of the growing regionalist argument among Arab states to resolve conflicts and other internal challenges without foreign assistance. This approach in finding solutions to the Arab problems is situated within the realist political strategy rooted in sovereignty, survival and power competition. It is argued that socio-economic and political inequality, long standing animosity among competing groups over state resources and power among others have influenced conflict. Furthermore, the influence of external factors often intersects with internal dynamics such as geopolitical interests, foreign interventions, economic pressures, and ideological exports, strategically leading to internal division among the competing groups within Arab nations. Lastly, this study recommends, among others things, that given the present conflict situation in many Arab nations, Arab solutions remain a determining factor in solving Arab problems.

Implementation of Citizen Participatory Audit: Establishing a Framework from Existing Structures

Munim Matin Afridi, Naghma Sherin Afridi, Shaukat Ali — Wed, 10 Dec 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Citizen Participatory Auditing (CPA) incorporates the participation of general public within the accountability domain of the country under the umbrella of the Supreme Audit Institution (SAI). The implementation of Citizen Participatory Audit in the accountability mechanisms has just recently been accelerated in the policy matters of several democracies. While the initiation of this concept is still at an emerging stage, the implementation mechanisms are widely diversified and in need of amalgamative consideration. Therefore, this paper creates a methodological framework for the implementation of the nascent Citizen Participatory Audit initiative in Pakistan that has gained traction under the Auditor General of Pakistan. The initiation of CPA is explored in this paper under the context of Pakistan’s Public Sector Auditing while making ground for the establishment of a framework for effective implementation of Community Participation. The paper analyzes the current arrangement of Citizen Participation in Audit to explore the creation of a framework that utilizes the current structures that would aid in design of an effective community-influenced auditing framework. The established framework follows a traditional Input, Process and Output configuration that incorporates the structures and entities at the Input-Output level and the procedures and evaluations for audit in the Process category. The paper cements a broader implementation of the Framework that can be adjusted to various levels of the government. The replication of the CPA Framework can be adjusted and modeled around various democracies’ public sector accountability institutions due to the similarities of its domain.

Governance and Society Review

Arab Solutions to Arab Problems: A Critical Appraisal

Implementation of Citizen Participatory Audit: Establishing a Framework from Existing Structures