Systematic Literature Review: Impact of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on Entrepreneurial Intentions

  • Rana Shahid Mahmood University of Management & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
  • Raja Irfan Sabir University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
  • Shahjahan Masud University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
Keywords: emotional intelligence (EI), entrepreneurial intentions, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD),, social influence

Abstract

Abstract Views: 0

This systematic literature review aimed to explore the consequences of post- traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to traumatic childbirth in relation to emotional intelligence (EI) and social influence. Women make an extraordinary contribution to regional and national production. Furthermore, the United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) highly emphasize the mental and physical health of women. Compulsive buying is a significant issue that causes emotional, financial, and social distress to individuals and their families. Entrepreneurial intentions play a crucial role since they serve as a precursor to entrepreneurial activities influencing both individual and economic outcomes. The review period encompassed researches published from January 2014 to December 2023. Through a comprehensive examination of the literature, this review identified key dimensions and variables used to investigate the association between post- traumatic stress and entrepreneurial intentions. Several dimensions were considered in the reviewed literature including psychological factors, individual characteristics, and environmental influences. Psychological factors encompassed variables, such as resilience, coping mechanisms, and cognitive appraisal of trauma. Individual characteristics included personality traits, past traumatic experiences, and levels of self-efficacy and motivation. Environmental influences encompassed socio-economic factors, social support networks, and cultural contexts. The variables utilized in the reviewed studies involved measures of post-traumatic stress symptoms, such as intrusive thoughts, avoidance behaviors, and hyperarousal. Entrepreneurial intentions were assessed through measures of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, desire for autonomy, risk-taking propensity, and intention to start or pursue entrepreneurial endeavors. The current study contributed to the understanding of how post-traumatic stress influences entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, it also highlighted the importance of considering psychological, individual, and environmental factors in research and interventions aimed at supporting individuals with post- traumatic stress who aspire to entrepreneurship.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abdelwahed, N. A. A. (2024). The impact of psychological stress on personal income, physical health and entrepreneurial intentions among entrepreneurs. OBM Neurobiology, 08(1), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.21926/obm.neurobiol.2401205

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179–211

Ajzen, I. (2012). The Theory of planned behavior. In P. A. M. Van Lange,

A. W. Kruglanski, E. T. Higgins, & I. Ajzen (Eds.), Handbook of theories of social psychology (pp. 438–459) Sage Publications

Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1975). A Bayesian analysis of attribution processes. Psychological Bulletin, 82(2), 261–277. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076477

Alferaih, A. (2017). Weight-and meta-analysis of empirical literature on entrepreneurship: Towards a conceptualization of entrepreneurial intention and behaviour. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 18(3), 195–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/1465750317722114

Andersen, L. B., Melvaer, L. B., Videbech, P., Lamont, R. F., & Joergensen,

J. S. (2012). Risk factors for developing post‐traumatic stress disorder following childbirth: A systematic review. Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 91(11), 1261–1272. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0412.2012.01476.x

Ardino, V. (Ed.). (2020). Post-traumatic syndromes in childhood and adolescence: A handbook of research and practice. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470669280

Ashal, N., Crowther, D., & Albadri, F. (2023). Intrapreneurship: A competent method toward organizations’ sustainability. In D. Crowther

& S. Seifi (Eds.0, Preparing for a sustainable future (pp. 27–45). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-2456- 1_2

Auxéméry, Y. (2012). Post-traumatic stress disorder as a consequence of the interaction between an individual genetic susceptibility, a traumatic event and a social context. The Brain, 38(5), 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.encep.2011.12.003

Aydın, K., Kantarcı, T., & Yildirim, S. (2023). Female entrepreneurs and employees among the economy: Selected indicators from Turkey. In A.

D. Daniel & C. Fernandes (Eds.), Female entrepreneurship as a driving force of economic growth and social change (pp. 111–135). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-7669-7.ch007

Ayers, S., Bond, R., Bertullies, S., & Wijma, K. (2016). The aetiology of post-traumatic stress following childbirth: A meta-analysis and theoretical framework. Psychological Medicine, 46(6), 1121–1134. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715002706

Ayers, S., Horsch, A., Garthus-Niegel, S., Nieuwenhuijze, M., Bogaerts, A., Hartmann, K., Karlsdottir, S. I., Oosterman, M., Tecirli, G., Turner, J. D., & Lalor, J. (2024). Traumatic birth and childbirth-related post- traumatic stress disorder: International expert consensus recommendations for practice, policy, and research. Women and Birth, 37(2), 362–367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2023.11.006

Beck, C. T. (2004). Post-traumatic stress disorder due to childbirth: The aftermath. Nursing Research, 53(4). Retrieved from https://journals.lww.com/nursingresearchonline/fulltext/2004/07000/p ost_traumatic_stress_disorder_due_to_childbirth_.4.aspx

Bodin, E., Peretti, V., Rouillay, J., Tran, P. L., & Boukerrou, M. (2022). Post-traumatic stress and extreme emergency cesarean section: Incidence and risk factors. Gynecology Obstetrics Fertility & Senology, 50(3), 240–260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gofs.2021.12.015

Clerey, H. (2023, May 23). The importance of women in business [Post]. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/importance-women- business-hugo-clerey/

Davies, J., Slade, P., Wright, I., & Stewart, P. (2008). Posttraumatic stress symptoms following childbirth and mothers’ perceptions of their infants.

Infant Mental Health Journal, 29(6), 537–554. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.20197

Dekel, S., Stuebe, C., & Dishy, G. (2017). Childbirth induced posttraumatic stress syndrome: A systematic review of prevalence and risk factors. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article e00560. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00560

Deprez, J. (2024). Intrapreneurship as a driver of renewal in social organizations. In H. C. Chandan (Ed.), Social innovations in education, environment, and healthcare (pp. 170–190). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-2569-8.ch009

Dikmen-Yildiz, P., Ayers, S., & Phillips, L. (2017). Factors associated with post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) 4–6 weeks and 6 months after birth: A longitudinal population-based study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 221, 238–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.06.049

Drigas, A., & Papoutsi, C. (2020). The need for emotional intelligence training education in critical and stressful situations: The case of Covid-

International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (IJES), 8(3), 20. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v8i3.17235

Ferreira-Neto, M. N., de Carvalho Castro, J. L., de Sousa-Filho, J. M., & de Souza Lessa, B. (2023). The role of self-efficacy, entrepreneurial passion, and creativity in developing entrepreneurial intentions. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article e1134618. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1134618

Fraga, A. M., Quintão, A., Mesquita, B., Melo Santos, C., Soares, F., Correia, J., Albuquerque, M., Neves, S., Moutinho, A., & Cintra, P. (2023). The link between pos-traumatic stress disorder and childbirth. European Psychiatry, 66(S1), S1124–S1124. https://doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2390

Frankham, L. J., Thorsteinsson, E. B., & Bartik, W. (2023). Birth related PTSD and its association with the mother-infant relationship: A meta- analysis. Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare, 38, 100920. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.srhc.2023.100920

Fredman, S., Kuosmanen, J., & Campbell, M. (2016). Transformative equality: Making the sustainable development goals work for women.

Ethics & International Affairs, 30(2), 177–187. https://doi.org/10.1017/S089267941600006X

Furuta, M., Sandall, J., Cooper, D., & Bick, D. (2016). Predictors of birth- related post-traumatic stress symptoms: Secondary analysis of a cohort study. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 19(6), 987–999. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-016-0639-z

Garthus-Niegel, S., von Soest, T., Vollrath, M. E., & Eberhard-Gran, M. (2013). The impact of subjective birth experiences on post-traumatic stress symptoms: A longitudinal study. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 16(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-012-0301-3

Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligence. Bantam Books.

Gul, S., Limongi, R., & Syed, H. W. U. (2024). Unraveling the nexus: Social entrepreneur intention and socioeconomic development with mediating role of entrepreneurial knowledge. Kybernetes. https://doi.org/10.1108/K-03-2024-0794

Gulvira, A., Ainash, M., Sagynysh, M., Meiramgul, A., & Aliya, K. (2024). The impact of female entrepreneurship on economic growth in developing and developed economies. ECONOMICS, 12(2), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2024-0016

Gupta, D. (2023). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): Symptoms and treatment. Continental Hospital. https://continentalhospitals.com/blog/post-traumatic-stress-disorder- ptsd-symptoms-and-treatment/

Halperin, O., Sarid, O., & Cwikel, J. (2015). The influence of childbirth experiences on women׳s postpartum traumatic stress symptoms: A comparison between Israeli Jewish and Arab women. Midwifery, 31(6), 625–632. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2015.02.011

Hmieleski, K. M., & Corbett, A. C. (2006). Proclivity for Improvisation as a Predictor of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 44(1), 45–63. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540- 627X.2006.00153.x

Horesh, D., Garthus-Niegel, S., & Horsch, A. (2021). Childbirth-related PTSD: Is it a unique post-traumatic disorder? Journal of Reproductive

and Infant Psychology, 39(3), 221–224. https://doi.org/10.1080/02646838.2021.1930739

Horsch, A., Garthus-Niegel, S., Ayers, S., Chandra, P., Hartmann, K., Vaisbuch, E., & Lalor, J. (2024). Childbirth-related posttraumatic stress disorder: Definition, risk factors, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 230(3), S1116–S1127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajog.2023.09.089

Husain, N. A., Hanapiyah, Z. M., Roni, M., Abas, N., Arham, A. F., & Norhisham, N. (2024). Social networking and technological entrepreneurial intention: Demand-resource mechanism. Information Management and Business Review, 16(2(I)), 111–124. https://doi.org/10.22610/IMBR.V16I2(I).3854

Korber, S., & McNaughton, R. B. (2018). Resilience and entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 24(7), 1129–1154. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-10-2016-0356

Koweszko, T., de Barbaro, B., Izydorczyk, B., Mastalerz-Migas, A., Samochowiec, J., Szulc, A., Kowalska, A., Wachowska, K., & Gałecki,

P. (2023). The position statement of the Working Group on the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorders in adults. Psychiatria Polska, 57(4), 705–727. https://doi.org/10.12740/PP/166172

Kranenburg, L., Lambregtse-van den Berg, M., & Stramrood, C. (2023). Traumatic childbirth experience and childbirth-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A contemporary overview. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(4), 2775. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042775

Kuruvilla, S., Bustreo, F., Kuo, T., Mishra, C., Taylor, K., Fogstad, H., Gupta, G. R., Gilmore, K., Temmerman, M., Thomas, J., Rasanathan, K., Chaiban, T., Mohan, A., Gruending, A., Schweitzer, J., Dini, H .S., Borrazzo, J., Fassil, H., … Costello, A. (2016). The Global strategy for women’s, children’s and adolescents’ health (2016–2030): A roadmap based on evidence and country experience. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 94(5), 398–400. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.16.170431

Kutria, S., Nuzuliana, R., & Kurniati, N. (2021). Risk factors of post- traumatic stress disorder post-partum: A scoping review. International Journal of Health Science and Technology, 3(2), 128–143. https://doi.org/10.31101/ijhst.v3i2.1968

Lancaster, C., Teeters, J., Gros, D., & Back, S. (2016). Posttraumatic stress disorder: Overview of evidence-based assessment and treatment. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 5(11), 105.

https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm5110105

Lee, S., Kang, M.-J., & Kim, B.-K. (2022). Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Intention: Focusing on Individuals’ Knowledge Exploration and Exploitation Activities. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 8(3), Article e165. https://doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8030165

Leinweber, J., Fonstein-Kuipers, Y., Thomson, G., Karlsdottis, S., Nilsson, C., Ekström-Bergström, A., Olza, I., Hadijigeorgiou, E., & Stramrod, C. (2022). Developing a woman‐centered, inclusive definition of traumatic childbirth experiences: A discussion paper. Birth, 49(4), 687–696. https://doi.org/10.1111/birt.12634

Li, Y., Cao, K., & Jenatabadi, H. S. (2023). Effect of entrepreneurial education and creativity on entrepreneurial intention in college students: Mediating entrepreneurial inspiration, mindset, and self-efficiency. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article e1240910 https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1240910

Maggioni, C., Margola, D., & Filippi, F. (2006). PTSD, risk factors, and expectations among women having a baby: A two-wave longitudinal study. Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics & Gynecology, 27(2), 81–

https://doi.org/10.1080/01674820600712875

Maleki, A., Moghaddam, K., Cloninger, P., & Cullen, J. (2023). A cross- national study of youth entrepreneurship: The effect of family support. The International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 24(1), 44–57. https://doi.org/10.1177/14657503211054284

MGH Center for Women’s Mental Health. (n.d.). Women’s mental health. Retrieved September 22, 2024, from https://womensmentalhealth.org/posts/category/womens-mental- health/

Miao, J., Wu, X., & Sun, X. (2019). Neighborhood, social cohesion, and the Elderly's depression in Shanghai. Social Science & Medicine, 229, 134–

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.08.022

Mishra, N., Mishra, A., & Singh, P. (2024). Ecological worldview moderates the mediation of implementation‐intentions found in the relationship between ecological concerns and pro‐environmental behaviour. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 27(2), 129–143. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajsp.12585

National Institute of Mental Health. (2023). Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/post-traumatic-stress- disorder-ptsd

Oluwakemi, R. A., Györke, D. K., & Gubacsi, F. (2023). Entrepreneurship as a tool for women empowerment in Nigeria. Studia Mundi – Economica, 10(1), 3–13. https://doi.org/10.18531/sme.vol.10.no.1.pp.3-13

Orovou, E., Dagla, M., Eskitzis, P., Savvidis, G. S., Rigas, N., Papatrechas, A., Sarella, A., Arampatzi, C., & Antoniou, E. (2022). The involvement of past traumatic life events in the development of postpartum PTSD after Cesarean delivery. Healthcare, 10(9), Article e1761. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10091761

Pandey, J. (2022). Social influence in organizational context. In J. Pandey (Ed.), Nature and dynamics of social influence: Interpersonal and organizational contexts (pp. 183–202). Springer Nature Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4598-4_8

Pop-Jordanova, N. (2022). Childbirth-related psychological trauma. Section of Medical Sciences, 43(1), 17–27. https://doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-

-0002

Prentice, D. C. (2019). Managing service encounters with emotional intelligence. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 51, 344–351. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2019.07.001

Prince, S., Chapman, S., & Cassey, P. (2021). The definition of entrepreneurship: is it less complex than we think? International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 27(9), 26–47. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEBR-11-2019-0634

Qourrichi, A. (2023). Social influence and the formation of social norms, a psychosocial approach. International Uni-Scientific Research Journal, 4(1), 41–47. https://doi.org/10.59271/s44970-023-1001-8

Radiman, R., & Zhurham, M. (2024, July). The influence of social competence, physical work environment and financial compensation on employee performance is mediated by job satisfaction at the Bpjs employment office, Medan city branch. Proceeding Medan International Conference on Economic and Business, 2, 263–281.

Ramirez, E. A., Maldonado, J., Arce, B. V., Díaz, M. J. S., & Varon, J. A.

T. (2023). An undervalued diagnosis: Post-traumatic stress disorder in the perinatal period: A case report. International Journal of Medical Students, 13, Article eS114. https://doi.org/10.5195/ijms.2023.2386

Raymond, O. B. (2022). Utilisation of cognitive adaptation strategies to counteract discrimination on well-being. Psychology Journal: Research Open, 4(2), 1–2. https://doi.org/10.31038/PSYJ.2022422

Sellers, L. (2021). Women design: Pioneers from the twentieth century to today. Frances Lincoln Children's Books.

Shapero, A., & Sokol, L. (1982). Social dimensions of entrepreneurship. In

C. A. Kent, D. L. Sexton, & K. H. Vesper (Eds.), Encyclopedia of entrepreneurship (pp. 72–90). Prentice Hall

Shepherd, D. A., & Wiklund, J. (2020). Simple rules, templates, and heuristics! an attempt to deconstruct the craft of writing an entrepreneurship paper. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 44(3), 371–390. https://doi.org/10.1177/1042258719845888

Sherin, J. E., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2011). Post-traumatic stress disorder: The neurobiological impact of psychological trauma. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 13(3), 263–278. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2011.13.2/jsherin

Shirokova, G., Osiyevskyy, O., Bogatyreva, K., Edelman, L. F., & Manolova, T. S. (2022). Moving from intentions to actions in youth entrepreneurship: An institutional perspective. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 12(1), 25–69. https://doi.org/10.1515/ERJ-2019- 0201/XML

Shiva, L., Desai, G., Satyanarayana, V. A., Venkataram, P., & Chandra, P.

S. (2021). Negative childbirth experience and post-traumatic stress disorder-a study among postpartum women in South India. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, Article e640014. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2021.640014

Stephan, U. (2018). Entrepreneurs’ mental health and well-being: A review and research agenda. Academy of Management Perspectives, 32(3), 290–322. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2017.0001

Tanasugarn, A. (2020, April 6). Healing from the past and living in your present. Psych Central. https://psychcentral.com/lib/healing-from-the- past-and-living-in-your-present#1

Taylor, S. E. (1983). Adjustment to threatening events: A theory of cognitive adaptation. American Psychologist, 38(11), 1161–1173. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.38.11.1161

Tranfield, D., Denyer, D., & Smart, P. (2003). Towards a methodology for developing evidence‐informed management knowledge by means of systematic review. British Journal of Management, 14(3), 207–222. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8551.00375

Tripathi, M. A., Tripathi, R., Sharma, N., Singhal, S., Jindal, M., & Aarif,

M. (2022). Brief study on entrepreneurship and its classification. International Journal of Health Sciences. https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS2.6907

United Nation Women. (n.d.). SDG 3: Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. Retrieved September 22, 2024, from https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/in-focus/women-and-the-sdgs/sdg- 3-good-health-well-being

United Nation. (2022, July 7). The sustainable development goals report 2022. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2022/

Urbano, D., Turro, A., Wright, M., & Zahra, S. (2022). Corporate entrepreneurship: A systematic literature review and future research agenda. Small Business Economics, 59, 1541–1565. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-021-00590-6

Vatanparast, A., Kamrani, A., Shakiba, S., Amouchie, R., Akbari, E., & Ayers, S. (2023). The latent factor structure and assessment of

childbirth-related PTSD: Psychometric characteristics of the city birth trauma scale—Persian version (City-BiTS-P). Frontiers in Psychiatry, 14, Article e1204392. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1204392

Verreault, N., Da Costa, D., Marchand, A., Ireland, K., Banack, H., Dritsa, M., & Khalifé, S. (2012). PTSD following childbirth: A prospective study of incidence and risk factors in Canadian women. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 73(4), 257–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2012.07.010

Wang, L., & Huang, J. (2022). Mediating role of entrepreneurial self- efficacy and prosocial tendency in the relation between college students’ post-traumatic growth and entrepreneurial intention in the post-COVID-

era. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article e861484. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.861484

West, J. (Ed.). (2022). Work, women and the labour market. Taylor & Francis.

World Health Organization. (2024, May 27). Post-traumatic stress disorder. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/post-traumatic- stress-disorder

Yang, Q., Al Mamun, A., Jingzu, G., Siyu, L., & Masud, M. M. (2023). Social entrepreneurial intention among working adults: An emerging country context. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, Article e1123198. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2023.1123198/PDF

Yu, S., & Poger, S. (2022, July 20–22). Using matrix operations to measure individual social influence in mobile messaging apps [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of 2022 International Conference on Electrical, Computer and Energy Technologies. Prague, Czech Republic. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICECET55527.2022.9873014

Published
2025-02-21
How to Cite
Mahmood, R. S., Sabir, R. I., & Masud, S. (2025). Systematic Literature Review: Impact of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder on Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Applied Research and Multidisciplinary Studies, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.32350/jarms.52.05