Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions of Community Pharmacists Regarding Vitamin D and Calcium Products: A Qualitative Study in Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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The current study explored the level of knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of community pharmacists concerning the usage of vitamin D and calcium products, employing a qualitative approach in the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. Calcium, an equally important mineral, contributes to various physiological processes, including blood pressure regulation, prevention of hypertensive complications during pregnancy, and reduction in cholesterol levels. According to the Pakistan National Nutrition Survey 2018, a significant proportion of urban women of reproductive age suffer from hypocalcemia and vitamin D deficiency. This qualitative investigation involved semi-structured interviews with community pharmacists from Islamabad and Rawalpindi, selected through purposive sampling technique. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the collected data. Pharmacists exhibited mixed levels of awareness regarding the benefits and side effects of calcium and vitamin D supplements. While most acknowledged their role in maintaining bone health and potential side effects, only about half were familiar with drug interactions. A generally favorable attitude was observed towards supplementation. The study highlighted that, although community pharmacists in Pakistan have a basic understanding of calcium and vitamin D supplementation, their knowledge and communication practices vary. They show a positive attitude towards their roles, however, often rely on reactive patient engagement. Strengthening pharmacist training, policy support, and public awareness is essential to effectively address widespread micronutrient deficiencies.
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