Executive Advisor

Dr. Ammar Aftab Raja, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.

Editor-in-Chief

Dr. Fazeel Abid, Department of Information Systems, Dr Hasan Murad School of Management, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.

Editor

Dr. Hammad Mushtaq, Department of Information Systems, Dr Hasan Murad School of Management, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan.

Editorial Board

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ali Imran, University of Glasgow, UK.

Dr. Amnah Firdous, Islamia University, Lahore., Pakistan

Dr. Ikram ud Din, The Univeristy of Haripur & Universiti Utara, Malaysia.

Dr. Zhang, Yulin University, China

Dr. Mohsin Ashraf, University of Lahore & Northwest University, China.

Advisory Board

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Alam, London Southbank University, UK.

Prof. Dr. Li Chen, Northwest University, China.

Prof. Dr. Muhammad Shoaib, University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Prof. Dr. Farooq Ahmed, COMSATS University, Lahore, Pakistan

Dr Gulzar Ahmad, Head of Department of Computer Science, University of South Asia, Lahore Punjab, Pakistan

Dr Ali Daud, Professor, Department of Business Analytics, Abu Dhabi School of Management, Abu Dhabi, UAE

Copyediting and Production Team

Technical Editor:
Muhammad Rafiq Awan, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Publishing Process Editor:
Syeda Saira Iqbal, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Indexing  Editor:
Syed Mughees ul Hassan, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Language Editor(s):

Muhammad SaadAiman Kamran, and Shahzaib Chaudhry, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Metadata Editor:
Shanawer Rafiq, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Formatting Editor:
Sadaf Lal Din, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

HTML Editor:
Samia Asif, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Graphic Designer:
Muhammad Abdullah, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Incharge Subscriptions:
Samreen Aamir, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan

Dispatcher:
Muhammad Abdul Aziz, Knowledge and Research Support Services, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan