Analysis of the Education Policies of Pakistan: Identifying Factors Behind its Shortcomings and Failure to Achieve Goals

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Education is critical for personal and national development, influencing economic growth, social progress, and cultural preservation. Since gaining independence in 1947, Pakistan has worked to establish an effective education system, yet literacy rates remain low. Early efforts, such as the 1947 National Education Conference, were hampered by the challenges of post-partition circumstances. Currently, Pakistan's education system confronts a number of issues, including limited finance, poor educational quality, socio-cultural hurdles, and major urban-rural inequities. Understanding these concerns is vital for understanding the continued struggles to meet educational needs. Data for this study was collected from secondary sources. It concluded that significant obstacles to educational policy include socio-cultural barriers, poor quality of education, inadequate funding, and inconsistent policy implementation. The findings underscore the need for evidence-based strategies and comprehensive reforms to address these issues effectively. This research contributes to the broader discourse on educational policy by highlighting actionable recommendations and proposing a framework for successful policy development and implementation, ultimately aiming to enhance the quality and equity of education in Pakistan.