SME Development: A Comparative Analysis of SMEDA, Pakistan and KOSGEB, Turkiye

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32350/jppp.51.05%20%20%20

Keywords:

comparison, export, financial support, GDP share, KOSGEB, small and medium enterprises, small and medium enterprises development authority

Abstract

This study is a comparative analysis of the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority (SMEDA) in Pakistan and KOSGEB in Türkiye. SMEDA and KOSGEB are responsible for the development, growth, and promotion of SMEs in Pakistan and Türkiye, respectively. This is a qualitative study based on secondary data. The relevant data was collected from the official websites of SMEDA and KOSGEB, scholarly articles, and research reports. The data on the export of SME products, share of SME products in GDP, annual budget of the organizations, support provided by the organizations to the SME sector, and research and development expenditures of the two organizations were compared. Moreover, other factors including technological accessibility and bureaucratic support were also compared. The study contributes to the existing research explicating that the two organizations function in different political and economic conditions, but face some common challenges like bureaucratic hurdles. However, KOSGEB’s performance on export, contribution to GDP, annual budget, and support to SMEs are its important contributions. It is recommended that SMEDA needs to provide financial and R&D support to SMEs for improving their share in GDP and exports.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.
0

References

Aktaş, E. E. (2020). Public policies on improving conditions for SME growth, finance, and innovation. Route Educational and Social Science Journal, 7(3), 743–760.

Ali, M. (2015). Obstacles to the SMEs of Pakistan. Pollster Journal of Academic Research, 2(2), 88–110.

Amir, S., Ali, M., & Ahmad, F. (2020). SMEs evolution and development: Comparative analysis of Turkey, Malaysia and Pakistan and pertinent lessons from Turkish and Malaysian SMEs model. Praxis International Journal of Social Science and Literature, 3(7), 13–19.

Asian Development Bank. (2023). Summary: Barriers to women entrepreneurship: An initial study. https://smeda.org/phocadownload/Publicatoins/SMEDA%20%20ADB%20WE%20Diagnostic%20Summary.pdf

Barbaroux, P. (2014). From market failures to market opportunities: Managing innovation under asymmetric information. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 3, Article 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/2192-5372-3-5

Bayraktar, M., & Algan, N. (2019, June 11–13). The importance of SMEs on world economies [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the International Conference on Eurasian Economies, Famagusta, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.

Daniels, L. (1999). The role of small enterprises in the household and national economy in Kenya: A significant contribution or a last resort? World Development, 27(1), 55–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-750X(98)00120-X

Dierks, Z. (2024, May 14). Value of loans extended to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) by banks in Turkey from 2015 to 2023, by size of enterprise. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1464944/turkey-sme-loans-extended-by-size/

Djidjik, S., & Muragu, M. (2024). Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Algeria, Turkey, and Kenya: A comparative analysis of issues and challenges. International Journal of Research in Economics and Finance, 1(4), 131–152. https://doi.org/10.71420/ijref.v1i4.39

Doolan, D. M., & Froelicher, E. S. (2009). Using an existing data set to answer new research questions: A methodological review. Research and Theory for Nursing Practice, 23(3), 203–215. https://doi.org/10.1891/1541-6577.23.3.203

Duncombe, R., & Heeks, R. (2002). Enterprise across the digital divide: Information systems and rural microenterprise in Botswana. Journal of International Development, 14(1), 61–74. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.869

Ege, T. (2022). KOSGEB supports and SMEs brand knowledge. Journal of Interdisciplinary Entrepreneurship and Innovation Studies, 1(2), 29–43.

European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. (2022). An assessment of the SME sector in Türkiye: Recommendation of a data-based methodology. https://www.ebrd.com/documents/legal-reform/an-assessment-of-the-sme-sector-in-turkiye.pdf

Glaser, B. G. (1963). Re-treading research materials: The use of secondary analysis by the independent researcher. The American Behavioral Scientist, 6(10), 11–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/000276426300601003

Iftikhar-ud-Din, M., Hussain, K., Aftab, M., Fardos, M., Ali, S. M., Tayyab, M., & Islam, M. (2023). Critical evaluation of current policies and practices of SMEs and its impact on economy and women-led enterprises in Pakistan. Khyber Journal of Public Policy, 2(2), 98–117.

Islamic Centre for Development of Trade. (2024). Study on the business support network for improving competitiveness of SMEs in OIC countries: “COMp-NET”. https://icdt-cidc.org/studies/business-support-network-for-improving-competitiveness-of-smes-in-oic-countries-comp-net/

Johnston, P. B. (2012). Does decapitation work? Assessing the effectiveness of leadership targeting in counterinsurgency campaigns. International Security, 36(4), 47–79. https://doi.org/10.1162/ISEC_a_00076

Kemal, A., Talas, E., & Akbaba, A. İ. (2013). A sectoral hierarchical clustering of SMEs in Turkey with respect to general support programs. Review of European Studies, 5(5), 84–96. https://doi.org/10.5539/res.v5n5p84

Khan, N. U., Sultan, W., & Khan, R. U. (2021). Financial pattern of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) of Pakistan. Business & Economic Review, 13(4), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.22547/ber/13.4.1

Kimambo, C. Z. (2005, March 18–19). Stimulating small and medium enterprises development for poverty reduction through business and technology incubation [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of Conference proceedings of the discourse on engineering contribution in poverty reduction, Tanzania.

KOSGEB. (2024). Some statistical indicators regarding SMEs in Türkiye. https://webdosya.kosgeb.gov.tr/Content/Upload/Dosya/Tablo%20ve%20Raporlar/2024/T%C3%BCrkiye'deki_KOB%C4%B0'lere_%C4%B0li%C5%9Fkin_Baz%C4%B1_%C4%B0statistiki_G%C3%B6stergeler.pdf

KOSGEB. (2025, April 30). Supports. https://www.kosgeb.gov.tr/site/tr/genel/destekler/3/destekler

Mbuyisa, B., & Leonard, A. (2017). The role of ICT use in SMEs towards poverty reduction: A systematic literature review. Journal of International Development, 29(2), 159–197. https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3258

McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (1997). Research in education: A conceptual introduction (4th ed.). HarperCollins College Publishers.

Ministry of Industries and Production. (2021). National SME policy 2021. Government of Pakistan. https://moip.gov.pk/SiteImage/Misc/files/ SME%20Policy%202021.pdf

Neagu, C. (2016). The importance and role of small and medium-sized businesses. Theoretical and Applied Economics, 23(3[608]), 331–338.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2024). Financing SMEs and entrepreneurs 2024: An OECD scoreboard. OECD Publishing.

Quader, S. M. (2009). Constraints to SMEs: A rotated factor analysis approach. South Asian Studies, 24(2), 334–350. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/26135/1/MPRA_paper_26135.pdf

Qureshi, S. (2005, August 11–14). How does information technology effect development? Integrating theory and practice into a process model [Paper presentation]. Proceedings of the Eleventh Americas Conference on Information Systems, Nebraska, USA

Rasee, R., Jajja, G. R., & Ishaq, M. N. (2021). An empirical analysis of SMEs growth and its contribution in poverty reduction of Pakistan. Journal of Contemporary Macroeconomic Issues, 2(2), 11–20.

Şenel, K., & Genç, K. Y. (2021). Examining profile of entrepreneurs benefit from KOSGEB new entrepreneur support in TRA2 region. Asya Studies, 5(18), 347–358. https://doi.org/10.31455/asya.997715

Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority. (2024). SMEDA annual report 2023–24. https://smeda.org/phocadownload/Publicatoins/SMEDA%20Annual%20Report%20-%20Infograph%202023-24.pdf

Small and Medium Enterprises Development Authority. (n.d.). SME definition and application. Retrieved online May 17, 2026, https://smeda.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=3&Itemid=103

Taylor, P., & Medina, M. (2013). Educational research paradigms: From positivism to multiparadigmatic. Journal of Meaning-Centered Education, 1(1), 1–16.

Turkish Statistical Institute. (2024). Small and medium-sized enterprises statistics, 2023. Government of Türkiye. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Small-and-Medium-Sized-Enterprises-Statistics-2023-53543&dil=2

World Bank. (2020). Doing business 2020: Comparing business regulation in 190 economies. World Bank Group. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/688761571934946384/pdf/Doing-Business-2020-Comparing-Business-Regulation-in-190-Economies.pdf

World Bank. (2021). World development indicators. World Bank Group. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/world-development-indicators

Downloads

Published

2026-06-28

How to Cite

Hader, S. H. (2026). SME Development: A Comparative Analysis of SMEDA, Pakistan and KOSGEB, Turkiye. Journal of Public Policy Practitioners, 5(1), 122–147. https://doi.org/10.32350/jppp.51.05

Issue

Section

Articles

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.