British Colonial Education in the Indian Subcontinent (1757-1858): Attitude of Muslims
Abstract
Abstract Views: 0
This article investigates the British colonial education imparted in the Indian Subcontinent during the priod 1757-1858, keeping in view the Muslim perspective. The objective is to comprehend the complex and diverse ways in which Muslims responded to British education throughout the colonial era, which were influenced by revolutionary and reactionary movements ignited by British domination. Muslims developed a complicated relationship with colonial education as a result of tensions heightened by the repression of indigenous concerns and the disregard for the acquisition of Islamic values. This study aims to comprehend the purpose of British education in the Indian subcontinent, analyses competing Muslim ideologies surrounding colonial education, uncovers factors influencing Muslim attitudes toward education during the British rule, and also analyses the differences in how different groups of Muslims responded to British education throughout British colonialism. For this purpose, this study uses a qualitative research methodology to investigate historical sources and determine the factors contributing to the hostile and defensive views of Indian Muslims regarding colonial education. The findings demonstrate the complex effects of British colonial policies, underlining the conflicts brought about by the disregard for Islamic knowledge and the fallout from the Sepoy Revolution. The study depicts varying responses to western education and competing ideologies among Muslims in India and underscores the significance of placing Muslim views in the larger sociopolitical context of colonial India. It also emphasises how critical it is to comprehend Muslim viewpoints on colonial education to dispel myths and promote a nuanced awareness of the historical legacies that continue to influence educational practices in post-colonial cultures.
Downloads
References
Allender, T. Learning Abroad: The Colonial Educational Experiment in India, 1813–1919. Paedagogica Historica, 45 (6), (2009): 727-741.
Altaf, Farheen., and Asif Ali Rizvi. “Muslim Response to British East India Company Educational Policies in India (1813-54).” Journal of the Punjab University Historical Society, no. 31 (2), (July - December 2018): 43-53.
Anwar, MF., and H. Mazher. “Brief Survey of Muslim Education in Pre-Colonial India (1206-1857).” UCT Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Research, 5 (2), (2017): 12-15, DOI: ttps://doi.org/10.24200/jsshr.vol5iss02
Ashraf, Mujeeb. Muslim Attitude towards British Rule and Western Culture. Delhi: Idarah-i Adabiyat-i Delli, 1982.
Asim, Muhammad., and Syed Raheem Abbas Shah. “Educational System in British India and its Socio-Political Impacts on Pakistani Society.” International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies, vol 7, no. 1 (July 2014): 87-97.
Aziz, K. The Making of Pakistan: A Study in Nationalism. London: Chattos and Windus, 1967.
Aziz, Muhammad Abdul. The Educational Pyramid Re-Inverted. New York: United Publishers, 1965.
Bellenoit, Hayden J. A. Missionary Education and Empire in Late Colonial India, 1860-1920. New York: Routledge, 2016.
Datta, K. A Social History of Modern India. Delhi: The Macmillan Company of India Limited, 1975.
Desai, A. R. Social Background of Indian Nationalism. Bombay: Popular Book Depot, 1959.
Dodson, Micheal S., and Brian. A. Hatcher (Eds.). Trans-Colonial Modernities Modernities in South Asia. New York: Routledge, 2012.
Dutt, R. C. The Economic History of India in the Victorian Age. London: K. Paul, Trench, Trübner, 1906.
Freire, P. Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Translated by Frontiero v. Richardson. New York: M. B. Ramos, 2012.
Gopal, Ram. The Indian Muslim. Bombai: Asia Publishing House, 1959.
Hardy, P. The Muslims of British India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1973.
Hibbert, C. The Great Mutiny: India 1857. London: Allen Lane, 1978.
Hiro, Dilip. The Rough Guide Chronicle: India. London: Rough Guides Ltd, 2002.
Hunter, W.W. The Indian Musalmans. Delhi: Indological Book House, 1969.
Kelsay, John. “Jihād”: Islamic Political Thought: An Introduction. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2015.
Khan, Ghazanfar Ali. “Educational Conditions of Indian Muslims during the Nineteenth Century.” Journal of the Pakistan Historical Society. 52:1, (January-March, 2004): 57-58.
Khan, Muin-ud-Din Ahmad. History of the Faraidi Movement in Bengal. Karachi: Pakistan Historical Society, l965.
Kumar, S. Educational Philosophy in Modern India. Delhi: Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd., 2000.
Macaulay, T. B. “Minute on English Education, 2nd February 1835, in H. Sharp (ed.), Selections from Educational Records Part I, 1781-1839 (Calcutta: Superintendent Government Printing, 1920), 107-117.” In Colonial Education and India 1781-1945, . 55-64, Routledge, 2019.
Malik, Hafeez. Muslim Nationalism in India and Pakistan. Washington D.C.: Public Affairs Press, 1963.
Marriott, John. Britain in India 1765-1905: Education and Colonial Knowledge. London: Pickering and Chatto, 2006.
McCully, B. T. English Eeducation and the Origins of Indian Nationalism. New York: P. Smith Publishers, 1966.
McGregor, H. Inuit Education and Schools in the Eastern Arctic. Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada: UBC Press, 2010.
Metacalf, B. D. Islamic Revival in British India: Deoband, 1860–1900. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.
Momen, Abdul., Mansoureh Ebrahimi, Ahmad Muhyuddin Hassan. “Importance and Implications of Theory of Bloom's Taxonomy in Different Fields of Education.” Proceedings International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Intelligent Systems. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. https://doi-org.ezproxy.utm.my/10.1007/978-3-031-20429-6_47
Muhammad, Shan. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan; A Political Biography. Meerut: Meenaksi Parkashan, 1969.
Nururllah, S., and J. P. Naik. History of Education in India during the British Period. New York: The MacMillan Company, 1943.
Panday, Ram Shakal. Indian Educational System. New Delhi: Adhyayan Publishers and Distributors, 2005
Puri, B. N., P. N. Chopra, M. N. Das. A Comprehensive History of India. vol. 3. New Delhi: Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 2003.
Rahman, Aziz., Mohsin Ali, and Saad Khan. “The British Art of Colonialism in India: Subjugation and Division.” Peace and Conflict Studies, 25: No. 1, (2018), DOI: 10.46743/1082-7307/2018.1439.
Rao, Y. V. Education and Learning in Andhra Under the East India Company. New Delhi: N. Vidyaranya Swamy, 1979.
Rizvi, S. M. History of Dar-al-Ulum Deoband., Vol. 1. Deoband: Idara-e Ihtemam, 1980.
Sadia, Dehlvi. Dargahs of Delhi: The Sufi Courtyard. Harper Collins Publishers, 2012.
Sarangapani, Padma M., and Rekha Pappu, eds. Handbook of Education Systems in South Asia. Springer, 2021.
Seth, Sanjay. Subject Lessons: The Western Education of Colonial India. Duke University Press, 2007.
Tandon, S. “Genesis of the Wahabi Movement.” The Tribune, India: Chandigarh, March 24, 2002.
Tschurenev, Jana. Empire, Civil Society, and the Beginnings of Colonial Education in India. Cambridge, Mass.: Cambridge University Press, 2019.
Wasti, Syed Razi. “British Policy towards the Indian Muslims Immediately after 1857.” Muslim Struggle for Freedom in India (1993): 1-24.
Wolpert, S. A New History of India. New York: Oxford, 2004.
Copyright (c) 2024 Abdul Momen, Mansoureh Ebrahimi, Kamaruzaman Yusoff
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
.png){kind=icon}
