The Role of Religious Spirituality in the Social Development of Public Consciousness: An Approach to Interpersonal Relationships in Kazakhstan

Zharkynbek Abikenov; Makhpal  Syzdykova; Aigul  Abdiramanova; Sergazy  Kudaibergenov

doi:10.32350/jitc.151.10

Zharkynbek Abikenov Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Humanities, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda State University, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-330X
Makhpal Syzdykova Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Humanities, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda State University, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2944-9672
Aigul Abdiramanova Department of Philosophy, Social Sciences and Humanities, Korkyt Ata Kyzylorda State University, Kyzylorda, Republic of Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8995-1619
Sergazy Kudaibergenov Department of Religious Studies and Cultural Studies, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Republic of Kazakhstan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1753-360X

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32350/jitc.151.10

Keywords: Consciousness, Discourse, Ethnics, Society, Innovations, Mentality, Nation, Traditions

Abstract

Abstract Views: 0

From the Islamic point of view, preserving spiritual integrity and moral values is crucial for the welfare of society, which makes the study of this degradation particularly urgent. This study looks at important reasons for the decline of Kazakh culture. It highlights the loss of moral values and cultural traditions, as well as the impact of outside social and technological forces. The research employs a mixed approach, including a structured online survey of 597 respondents from seven large cities in Kazakhstan. The data is analyzed using statistical and thematic methods to identify key themes of spiritual degradation, cultural identity, and the role of Islamic values. The results show that 47% of respondents link cultural degradation primarily with blurring moral and ethical norms, and 20% consider the loss of cultural traditions as the key factor. Other contributing factors include urbanization, economic inequality, technological influences, and dependent mentality. Traditional Islamic values are highlighted as potential guiding principles for combating these trends. The study finds that the spiritual decline in Kazakhstan is a complex issue that needs a wide range of solutions. These solutions should include Islamic principles, protection of culture, and efforts to reduce the economic differences that lead to moral issues. Effective state programs, combined with a cultural shift toward ethical responsibility, are needed to counter these trends and form a more spiritually and morally sound society.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Byulegenova, Bibigul B., and Olzhas Zh. Turemuratov. “Urbanization as a Global Trend: Causes and Consequences.” Bulletin of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Political science. Regional studies. Oriental studies. Turkology Series 1 (142) (2023): 37-42. https://doi.org/10.32523/2616-6887/2023-142-1-37-42

Crenshaw, Kimberle. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color.” Stanford Law Review 43, no. 6 (1991): 1241-99. https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039

De Vos, Jan. “Christopher Lasch's the Culture of Narcissism: The Failure of a Critique of Psychological Politics.” Theory and Psychology 20, no. 4 (2010): 528-48. https://doi.org/10.1177/0959354309351764

Feinberg, Joel, and Jan Narveson. “The Nature and Value of Rights.” Journal of Value Inquiry 4, no. 4 (1970): 243-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00137935

Gabitov, T.H. History of Kazakh Culture: Textbook. Almaty: Kazakh University, 2016, 344.

Garcia, M. “Financial Constraints and the Impact on Spiritual Culture Development among Urban Residents.” Urban Studies Quarterly 34, no. 4 (2021): 278-91.

Garcia, M. “The Impact of Digital Communication and Social Media on Meaningful Human Contact.” Communication Studies Quarterly 45, no. 2 (2020): 78-92.

Geertz, Clifford. The Interpretation of Cultures. Moscow: Political Encyclopedia Publishers, 2004, 560.

Haney, William S. Culture and Consciousness: Literature Regained. London: Bucknell University Press, 2002, 197.

Hauser, Gerald A. “The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere: An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society by Jürgen Habermas, Thomas Burger.” Philosophy and Rhetoric 27, no. 1 (1994): 70-6.

Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich. Lecture on the History of Philosophy. St. Petersburg: Nauka, 1993, 480.

Hooks, Bell. Feminism is for Everybody: Passionate Politics. Cambridge: South End Press, 2000.

Hudson, Victoria. “The Impact of Russian Soft Power in Kazakhstan: Creating an Enabling Environment for Cooperation between Nur-Sultan and Moscow.” Journal of Political Power 15, no. 3 (2022): 469-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/2158379X.2022.2127280

Jacobson, Thomas L. “Participatory Communication for Social Change: The Relevance of the Theory of Communicative Action.” Annals of the International Communication Association 27, no. 1 (2003): 87-123. https://doi.org/10.1080/23808985.2003.11679023

Johnson, A. “The Consequences of Dependence on Credit and Debt in Modern Society.” Economic Review 76, no. 2 (2018): 102-15.

Johnson, D. “The Detrimental Effects of Flattery on Human Development and Societal Psychology.” Political Psychology Quarterly 28, no. 4 (2020): 315-30.

Johnson, M.A. “The Transmission of Diseases through Saliva: A Review of the Risks and Implications.” Health Sciences Quarterly 14, no. 2 (2022): 87-102.

Junger, Sebastian. Tribe: On Homecoming and Belonging. New York: Twelve, 2016.

Kadyrzhanov, Rustem. “Rukhani Zhangyru: a Kazakhstan’s Model of Modernization of Values.” Scientific Journal "Kazakhstan – Spektr" 1 (2018): 37-51.

Kahneman, Daniel. Thinking, Fast and Slow. Penguin, 2011.

Link, Bruce G., and Jo C. Phelan. “Conceptualizing Stigma.” Annual Review of Sociology 27 (2001): 363-85. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.soc.27.1.363

Loftus, Еlizabeth F. “Leading Questions and the Eyewitness Report.” Cognitive Psychology 7 (1975): 560-72.

Madichie, Nnamdi O. “Consumer Behavior: Buying, Having, and Being (8th ed.).” Management Decision 47, no. 5 (2006): 845-848. https://doi.org/10.1108/00251740910960169

Milgram, Stanley. Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View. New York: Harper & Row, 1974.

Neisser, Ulric. Cognitive Psychology. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1967.

Outhwaite, William. “Book Review: Das Kapital.” Journal of Classical Sociology 19, no. 1 (2019): 105-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1468795X18810581

Patel, R.K., L.N. Garcia, and Q. Wang. “Street Spitting and Public Health: A Microbial Perspective.” International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 42, no. 3 (2019): 287-305.

Pfeffer, J., and N. Langton. “The Effectiveness of Incomplete Contracts in Relational Employment Contracts: Evidence from Silicon Valley.” American Sociological Review 58, no. 5 (1993): 526-46.

“Review Article: Geert Hofstede: Culture’s Consequences: International Differences in Work Related Values: 1980, Beverly Hills/London: Sage. 474 pages.” Organization Studies 4, no. 4 (1983): 390-1. https://doi.org/10.1177/017084068300400409

Rogers, Carl R. “A Theory of Therapy, Personality and Interpersonal Relationships as Developed in the Client-Centered Framework.” In Psychology: A Study of Science. Vol. 3: Formulations of the Person and the Social Context, edited by S. Koch, 184-256. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1959.

Shakeeva, Botakoz R. “Kazakh Ethnicity in the Framework of Formation of National Identity in Kazakhstan.” PhD diss., Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, 2022, 175.

Stillerman, Joel. The Sociology of Consumption. A Global Approach. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2015, 224.

Suri, Ankit., and Lokesh Jindal. “Financial Literacy for Well-Being: Scientific Mapping and Bibliometric Analysis.” Citizenship, Social and Economics Education 21, no. 3 (2022): 209-33. https://doi.org/10.1177/14788047221120917

Toynbee, Arnold J. Issledovaniye Istorii [History Research]: In 3 vols. Vol. 1. St. Petersburg: Publishing House of St. Petersburg University, 2006, 408.

Triandis, Harry C. Individualism and Collectivism. Boulder: Westview Press, 1995.

UN. “Facts and Figures: Women's Leadership and Political Participation.” Page updated October 2, 2024. https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/leadership-and-political-participation/facts-and-figures#83879

UN. “Women's Leadership and Political Participation.” 2023. https://www.unwomen.org/en/what-we-do/leadership-and-political-participation.

Williams, R., and S. Davis. “Assessing Civic Literacy: A Comparative Study of Educational Programs.” Journal of Political Education 42, no. 2 (2020): 67-82.