Comparative Study of Architecture of the Great Mosque at Samarra, Iraq and Ibn Tulun Mosque at Cairo, Egypt

Zahid Tauqeer Ahmad; Seemin Aslam

doi:10.32350/jitc.102.16

Zahid Tauqeer Ahmad Assistant Professor; School of Architecture and Planning, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5901-0292
Seemin Aslam Assistant Professor; School of Architecture and Planning, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7905-9763

DOI: https://doi.org/10.32350/jitc.102.16

Keywords: calligraphy, Islam, construction technology, decorative elements, mosque architecture, restoration

Abstract

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Ever since the emergence of Islam, mosque has always been the most dominant feature in any Islamic built environment. Over the course of time, mosque architecture has gone through a process of various forms of uses and expressions in terms of its transformation. Its style, layout, building form, type of ornamentation used, building materials and construction technology usually provide vital information not only about the practice of Islam in general but also about the timeline, prevailing geopolitical environment, religious conviction, purpose, need and the region in which the mosque was built. This research paper emphasizes the study of the general characteristics of the two earliest examples of mosques in Islamic architecture through extensive literature review. It also highlights the historical and geopolitical context, built form, size, shape, configuration, color, texture, materials used, scale and type of decorative elements of the two most outstanding and heavily restored mosques to date.

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