CRISIS OF MUSLIM CIVILIZATION IN MODERN TIMES

  • Dr. Faraz Anjum Asst. Professor, Department of History University of Punjab Lahore, Pakistan
Keywords: Ibn-e-Kahldun, Historian, Social Solidarity, Muqaddimah, Muslim world, Civilizational Challenges

Abstract

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No one would, probably, doubt that Muslim civilization is facing a serious crisis since the 18th century. It first resulted in political chaos and ultimately colonization of Muslim lands by Western powers. Later, Muslim civilization faced serious cultural and intellectual onslaught from the West which intensified and deepened the crisis. Though the period of Western colonization ostensibly came to an end in the middle of the 20th century, Muslim lands did not come out of the crisis. Despite some sincere efforts for Islamic revivalism, Muslim civilization has failed to respond to the modern crisis, particularly 9/11 incident has exposed the vulnerability of the Muslim world to Western political agenda, and its failure to respond effectively to Western civilizational challenges. The scholars are divided as to the cause of this crisis of the Muslim world and consequently, as to the measures to remedy the problem.
Abdur Rehman Ibn Khaldun, a 13th century Muslim historian and intellectual, emerged at a time when the Muslim states in the Maghreb (North Africa) and Muslim Spain were passing through a phase of decline. His critical thoughts on the society (Al-Imran) and particularly his concept of social solidarity (Al-asabiyah), as propounded in his magnum opus, Maqaddimah (Prolegomena to History), can provide important insights into the present crisis of the Muslim Civilization. The present paper seeks to understand and explain this crisis with the help of the social analysis and critical ideas of Ibn Khaldun.

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References

Akbar Ahmed, ―Ibn Khaldun's Understanding of Civilizations and the Dilemmas of Islam and the West Today,‖ Middle East Journal, 56, No. 1(Winter, 2002): 23.
For details of the episode, see, Walter J. Fischel, Ibn Khaldun and Tamerlane (Berkley: University of California Press, 1952) 3 Details of his career are known primarily through his autobiography, Al-Tarif which is the concluding part of his history. Different works have extracted his biographical details from this autobiography and a few scattered sources. See, Nathaniel Schmidt, Ibn Khaldun: Historian, Sociologist and Philosopher (Lahore: Universal Books, n.d.), 34-38; M.A. Enan, Ibn Khaldun: His Life and Works (New Delhi, Kitabbhavan, 2000 [1932]); Charles Issawi, An Arab Philosophy of History: Selections from the Prolegomena of Ibn Khaldun of Tunis (1332-1406) (London: John Murray, 1958), 1-6. 4 Encyclopedia of Islam, III: 825, s.v. ―Ibn Khaldun‖ 5 Schmidt, Ibn Khaldun, 42. 6 Issawi, Arab Philosophy of History, 3. 7 The full title is: Kitab al-Ibar, wa Diwan al-Mubtada wal Khabar, fi Ayyam al-Arabi wal Ajami wal Barbar, wa man Asrahum min zawi al-Sultan al-Akbar (A book of instructive examples, and a collection relating to the subject and the attribute, in the days of the Arabs, the Persians, and the Berbers and the great rulers who were their contemporaries).
Published
2011-06-30
How to Cite
Dr. Faraz Anjum. 2011. “CRISIS OF MUSLIM CIVILIZATION IN MODERN TIMES”. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization 1 (2), 151-63. https://doi.org/10.32350/jitc.12.09.