Influence of Calcium and Phosphorous Ratio on Hematology and Muscle Proximate Composition of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Fingerlings
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Background. Calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) are essential minerals for fish growth and development, but Ca absorption from water is limited and its presence also influences P absorption. Therefore, dietary Ca and P are vital for fish to perform physiological activities efficiently.
Methodology. This study investigated the interactive effect of Ca and P ratio (Ca:P) on muscle proximate composition and hematology of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix fingerlings (average initial weight = 13.7 ± 0.05 g) for 90 days. Calcium lactate and sodium di-phosphate were used as Ca and P sources. A total of 9 isonitrogenous, isolipidic, and isocaloric diets were formulated by combining 3 Ca levels (0%, 1%, and 2%) with three P levels (0%, 1%, and 2%) and fed to fish twice a day at 5% body weight.
Results. The results showed that moisture and crude protein content in muscles significantly increased (p<0.05) the interactive effect of Ca and P except fat and ash content (p>0.05). Furthermore, the hematological parameters of fingerlings remained unaffected (p>0.05) by the individual supplementation of Ca. However, P supplementation significantly affected the MCV, MHCH, and PLT count. Moreover, the interactive supplementation of Ca and P did not show a significant effect except HCT and MHCH. Platelets count increased at 1% of Ca and 1% of P supplementation, while the RBC count increased at 2% and 1 to 2% (Ca/P). The remaining blood counts did not show considerable variation upon supplementation of Ca/P at different levels.
Conclusion. It was concluded that mineral supplementation showed promising results at 1:2 (Ca/P) level for the optimum performance of H. molitrix.
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