Role of Rhizofungus (Aspergillus terreus) in improving biochemical and physiological parameters effected by lead Stress in Allium sativum L.
Abstract
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Background. Lead (Pb) contamination poses significant environmental and health risks, particularly in agricultural soils, affecting both plant growth and human health. Pb disrupts key physiological processes in plants, leading to reduced growth, nutrient uptake, and photosynthesis, while contributing to neurotoxicity in humans. Our study examines the role of symbiotic rhizo-fungi in mitigating Pb-induced stress in Allium sativum L. (garlic), with a focus on improvements in both agronomic and biochemical traits. Our study explores the potential of symbiotic rhizo-fungi to mitigate Pb-induced stress in Allium sativum L. (garlic), focusing on improvements in plant growth and biochemical attributes under heavy metal stress.
Method. Garlic plants were exposed to five Pb treatments (30 ppm, 30 ppm + symbiotic rhizo-fungi, control).
Results. Pb exposure led to significant reductions in root and shoot lengths, fresh and dry weights, and seed germination, with decline in chlorophyll and carotenoid levels. However, co-application of rhizo-fungi improved plant performance, with an 18% increase in shoot length and 25% improvement in chlorophyll content compared to Pb-treated plants. Electrolyte leakage decreased by 15%, while RWC improved by 20%, demonstrating the protective role of rhizo-fungi under Pb stress.
Conclusion. Our study highlights the potential of symbiotic rhizo-fungi to mitigate Pb stress in garlic, improving both growth and biochemical parameters. The findings suggest that rhizo-fungi is an effective bio-remediating agent, enhancing crop resilience in contaminated soils.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Naveen Dilawar, Muhammad Saifullah, Attaur Rahman, Azaz Ahmad, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Nawaz
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