Assessment of Groundwater Quality: A Sample Study of Selective Drinking Water Sources in Diplo Area of Sindh

  • Parkash Meghwar Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0377-4584
  • Saghir Ahmed Shaikh Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan
  • Bushra Hussain Department of Business Administration, Sukkur IBA University, Sukkur, Pakistan
  • Nida Saleem Food and Marine Resource Research Centre, PCSIR Labs Complex, Karachi, Pakistan
  • Piar Ali Shar Department of Plant breeding and genetics, Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam Pakistan
  • Ahsan Ali Depar Institute of Food Sciences and Technology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan
Keywords: drinking water, Electrical Conductivity (EC), pH level, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Tharparkar

Abstract

Abstract Views: 360

The present study aimed to determine the quality parameters of underground drinking water found in Diplo, a sub-district of Tharparkar. The quality parameters examined in the water samples were pH (acidity), total dissolved solids (TDS), and electrical conductivity (EC). A total of 20 samples were randomly collected from different sources of drinking water, namely dug well and hand pump, from the study area. The results showed that the quality parameters of water samples taken from the hand pump were not within the appropriate range (pH range was 5.7-6.0 and TDS range was 1579-2120 mg/L), while those of well water samples were within range (pH range was 5.09-6.60 and TDS range was 497-1182 mg/L). Therefore, it was concluded that water from the well sources was safe for consumption as per the guidelines set by WHO and EPA and could be used for drinking purposes. The findings revealed that water from the hand pump sources had high TDS and EC (greater than WHO limit), which pose several health risks. It was noted that TDS is directly proportional to electrical conductivity and inversely proportional to the pH level of water. Further, it was recommended that future studies need to be conducted at regular intervals to evaluate the quality of drinking water in rural areas of Sindh province, so that authorities can promptly provide solutions to such issues.

Copyright (c) The Authors

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

World Water Day. “Water health and human rights”. World Water Day; 2001. https://www.worldwaterday.org/

Patil R, Ahmad D, Balkundae P, Kausley S, Malhotra C. Development of low cost point-of-use (POU) interventions for instant decontamination of drinking water in developing countries. J Water Process Eng. 2020;37:101435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101435

Kahlown MA, Tahir MA, Ashraf M. Water quality issues and status in Pakistan. InProceedings of the seminar on strategies to address the present and future water quality issues. Pakistan Council of Research in Water Resources; 2005.

Wattoo MH, Wattoo FH, Qazi TG, et al. Quality Characterization of Phulali Canal water for irrigation purposes. Nucleus. 2020;41(1-4):69-75.

Sohaila MT, Mahfoozb Y, Aftabc R, Yend Y, Talibe MA, Rasoolf A. Water quality and health risk of public drinking water sources: a study of filtration plants installed in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan. Water quality and health risk of public drinking water sources: a study of filtration plants installed in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistanes, and water treat. 2020;181:239-50.

Ferreira DC, Graziele I, Marques RC, Gonçalves J. Investment in drinking water and sanitation infrastructure and its impact on waterborne diseases dissemination. Brazilian case. Sci Total Environ. 2021;779:146279. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.scitotenv.2021.146279

Mashiatullah A, Qureshi RM, Qureshi NA, Ahmed E. Physiochemical and biological quality of potable groundwater in Karachi. InSeminar on strategies to address the present and future water quality issues; 2002.

Sulehria AQ, Mustafa YS, Kanwal B, Nazish A. Assessment of drinking water in Islampura, Lahore district. Sci Int. 2013;25(2):359-361

Li Y, Bi Y, Mi W, Xie S, Ji L. Land-use change caused by anthropogenic activities increase fluoride and arsenic pollution in groundwater and human health risk. J Hazardous Material. 2021;406:124337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124337

Thompson T, Khan S. Situation analysis and epidemiology of infectious disease transmission: a South-East Asian regional perspective. Int J Environ Health Res. 2003;13(sup1):S29-36. https://doi.org/10.1080/0960312031000102787

World Health Organization. Guidelines for drinking-water quality. World Health Organization; 1993.

World Health Organization. World Health Organization, World Health Organisation Staff. Guidelines for drinking-water quality. World health organization; 2004.

Fewtrell L, Kaufmann RB, Kay D, Enanoria W, Haller L, Colford Jr JM. Water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions to reduce diarrhoea in less developed countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005;5(1):42-52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(04)01253-8

Clasen T, Haller L, Walker D, Bartram J, Cairncross S. Cost-effectiveness of water quality interventions for preventing diarrhoeal disease in developing countries. J Water Health. 2007;5(4):599-608. https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2007.010

Pallerla SR, Harms D, Johne R, et al. Hepatitis E virus infection: Circulation, molecular epidemiology, and impact on global health. Pathogen. 2020;9(10):856. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9100856

Lee EJ, Schwab KJ. Deficiencies in drinking water distribution systems in developing countries. J Water Health. 2005;3(2):109-27. https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2005.0012

Ishaque M, Khan AA. Prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene habits of children in quetta, pakistan, Pak. Oral Dent. J. 2001;21(1):60-63.

Stephenson LS, Latham MC, Ottesen EA. Malnutrition and parasitic helminth infections. Parasitology. 2000;121(S1):S23-38. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S0031182000006491

Dillingham R, Guerrant RL. Childhood stunting: measuring and stemming the staggering costs of inadequate water and sanitation. Lancet. 2004;363(9403):94-.

Goldhaber SB. Trace element risk assessment: essentiality vs. toxicity. Regulatory Toxicol Pharma. 2003;38(2):232-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0273-2300(02)00020-X

Mastoi GM, Shah SG, Khuhawar MY. Assessment of water quality of Manchar Lake in Sindh (Pakistan). Environ Monitoring Assessment. 2008;141(1):287-96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-007-9895-8

Rout C, Sharma A. Assessment of drinking water quality: A case study of Ambala cantonment area, Haryana, India. Int J Environ Sci. 2011;2(2):933-45.

World Health Organization. pH in Drinking-water. World Health Organization;2007. https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/chemicals/ph_revised_2007_clean_versio.pdf

Avindra J, Churniya A, Ravindra VG, Sharma SK. Evaluation of TDS and electrical conductivity in groundwater’s of Udaipur, Rajasthan and Its significance. Int J Fish Aquat Stud. 2020;8(5):203-206.

Bain, R., Johnston, R. & Slaymaker, T. Drinking water quality and the SDGs. npj Clean Water 3, 37 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41545-020-00085-z

Sozo JS, Pardal A, Carvalho MJ, Almeida A, Chaves H, Carvalho MD. Sensory Quality of Portuguese Natural Mineral Waters: Correlation with Chemical Composition. Ecolog Eng Environ Tech. 2021;22:129-141. https://doi.org/10.12912/27197050/135618

Brahman KD, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Naseem S, Arain SS, Ullah N. Evaluation of high levels of fluoride, arsenic species and other physicochemical parameters in underground water of two sub districts of Tharparkar, Pakistan: a multivariate study. Water Res. 2013;47(3):1005-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2012.10.042

Jakhrani SH, Soni HL, Shar NZ. Analysis of Total Dissolved Solids and Electrical Conductivity in Different Water Supply Schemes of Taluka Chachro, District Tharparkar. Quaid-E-Awam Univ. res. j. eng. sci. technol. 2019;17(01):1-5.

Memon M, Soomro MS, Akhtar MS, Memon KS. Drinking water quality assessment in Southern Sindh (Pakistan). Environ Monitoring Assessment. 2011;177(1):39-50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-010-1616-z

Anwar MM, Rani M. Ground Drinking Water and its consequences on Health of Residents; A Case Study of Selected Areas in Bahawalpur City. Sindh University Research Journal-SURJ. 2013;45(3): 524-528.

Rasool A, Xiao T, Farooqi A, et al. Arsenic and heavy metal contaminations in the tube well water of Punjab, Pakistan and risk assessment: A case study. Ecolog Eng. 2016;95:90-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.034

Published
2021-09-10
How to Cite
1.
Meghwar P, Shaikh SA, Hussain B, Saleem N, Ali Shar P, Depar AA. Assessment of Groundwater Quality: A Sample Study of Selective Drinking Water Sources in Diplo Area of Sindh. Sci Inquiry Rev. [Internet]. 2021Sep.10 [cited 2024Nov.21];5(3):27-0. Available from: https://journals.umt.edu.pk/index.php/SIR/article/view/1806
Section
Orignal Article