Phytochemical Composition and Pharmacological Effects of Cassia Fistula
Abstract
Abstract Views: 724
Cassia fistula iswidely utilizedin conventionalmedicines against various diseases. The plantpossessesdiversepharmacological characteristicsincluding anti-tussive, hepatoprotective, anti-pyretic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, anti-fungal, anti-microbial, anti-itching, anti-ulcer, anti-epileptic, anti-fertilityand wound healingcharacteristics. Its leaves and bark are used to treat skin diseases,while its roots are useful as diuretic and are used to treat tubercular glands, cardiac disorders, and ulcer. Itsfruit pulp is used as a mild laxative in numerous stomach problems. Its flowers are used to treat leprosy, abdominal problemsandfeverand its seedspossessanti-pyretic, cooling and laxativeproperties. The plant isan important source of tannins, glycosides and flavonoides, linoleic, oleic, stearic and carbohydrates. Its leaves contain glycosides, free rhein,sennosides A and B, isofavoneoxalic acidsandoxyanthraquinones derivatives,while the stem bark contains lepeol, hexacosanol, tannins and B-sitosterol. The pulp is composed of carbohydrate, arginine, protein, leucine and flavonid-3-ol-subordinates. Its pods contain astringent matter, fistulic acids, glutten matter and kaempferol,whereas its seeds are rich in malvalic acid, sterculic acid and vernolic oil. Moreover, aurantimide, ceryl alcohol, kaempferol, anthraquinonees, bianthroquonones and glycosides basic oils are present in the flower.
Copyright(c) The Authors
Downloads
References
Rehman A, Hussain S, Javed M, Ali Z, Rehman H, Shahzady TG Zahra A. Chemical composition and remedial perspectives of Hippophae rhamnoides linn. Postepy Biol Komorki. 2018;45(3):199–209.
Naseer S, Hussain S, Zahid Z. Nutritional and antioxidant potential of common vegetables in Pakistan. RADS J Biol Res Appl Sci. 2019;10(1):36–40.
Neelam C, Ranjan B, Komal S, Nootan C. Review on Cassia fistula. Int J Res Ayurveda Pharm. 2011;2(2):426–430.
Bhalodia NR, Shukla V. Antibacterial and antifungal activities from leaf extracts of Cassia fistula l.: An ethnomedicinal plant. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2011;2(2):104–109.
Naseer S, Hussain S, Naeem N, Pervaiz M, Rahman M. The phytochemistry and medicinal value of Psidium guajava (guava). Clin Phytoscience. 2018;4(1):32.
Danish M, Singh P, Mishra G, Srivastava S, Jha K, Khosa R. Cassia fistula Linn.(Amulthus)-An important medicinal plant: a review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties. J Nat Prod Plant Resour. 2011;1(1):101–118.
Dey A, Abu A, Shakar S, Rahman A, Amin M. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of the plant Boerhavia repens.(Family: Nyctaginaceae). J Nat Prod Plant Resour. 2012;2(4):471–474.
Tian-Shung W, Amooru D, Chung-Ren S, Ping-Chung K, Chemical constituents and pharmacology of Aristolochi species. Stud Nat Prod Chem. 2005;32: 855–1018.
Markouk M, Bekkouche K, Larhsini M, Bousaid M, Lazrek H, Jana M. Evaluation of some Moroccan medicinal plant extracts for larvicidal activity. J Ethnopharmacol. 2000;73(1-2):293–297.
Murugan V, Shareef H, Ramasarma G, Ramanathan M, Suresh B. Anti-fertility activity of the stem bark of Alangium salviifolium (Linn. F) wang in Wister female rats. Indian J Pharmacol. 2000;32(6):388–389.
Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Eriksson JG, Valle TT, Hämäläinen H,… Rastas M. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. New Engl J Med. 2001;344(18):1343–1350.
Chopra RN, Nayar SL, Chopra IC. Supplement to glossary of Indian medicinal plants. New Delhi: Publication and Information Directorate; 1969.
Alam M, Siddiqui M, Husain W. Treatment of diabetes through herbal drugs in rural India. Fitoterapia. 1990;61(3):240–242.
Patel D, Karbhari S, Gulati O, Gokhale S. Antipyretic and analgesic activities of Aconitum spicatum and Cassia fistula. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther. 1965;157(1):22–27.
Biswas K, Ghosh A. In Bharatia Banawasadhi (vol. 2). Calcutta: Calcutta University, Advancement of learning; 1973.
Sharma DK. Enumerations on phytochemical, pharmacological and ethnobotanical properties of Cassia fistula Linn: yellow shower. Seeds. 2017;6(5):300–306.
Bhakta T, Mukherjee PK, Mukherjee K, Banerjee S, Mandal SC, … Saha B. Evaluation of hepatoprotective activity of Cassia fistula leaf extract. J Ethnopharmacol. 1999;66(3):277–282.
Bhalerao S, Kelkar T. Traditional medicinal uses, phytochemical profile and pharmacological activities of Cassia fistula Linn. Int Res J Biol Sci. 2012;1(5):79–84.
Guri-Fakim A, Gueho J, Sewraj M, Dulloo E. Plantes Medicinales de lile Maurice. Mauritius: Editions de L’Ocean Indien; 1994.
Kilbas AA, Srivastava HM, Trujillo JJ. Theory and application of differential equations (vol. 204). Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2006.
Pradeep K, Raj Mohan CV, Gobianand K, Karthikeyan S. Protective effect of Cassia fistula Linn. on diethylnitrosamine induced hepatocellular damage and oxidative stress in ethanol pretreated rats. Biol Res. 2010;43(1): 113–125.
Nirmala A, Eliza J, Rajalakshmi M, Priya E, Daisy P. Effect of hexane extract of Cassia fistula barks on blood glucose and lipid profile in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Int J Pharmacol. 2008;4(4): 292–296.
Aruoma OI. Methodological considerations for characterizing potential antioxidant actions of bioactive components in plant foods. Mut Res-Fund Mol M. 2003;523: 9–20.
Jaffary F, Nilforoushzadeh MA, Moradi S, Derakhshan R, Ansari N. Concentrated extracts of Cassia fistula versus Intralesional injection of Meglumine antimoniate in treatment of acute cutaneous Leishmaniasis. J Skin Stem Cell. 2014;1(1): e16631.
Kumar MS, Sripriya R, Raghavan HV, Sehgal PK. Wound healing potential of Cassia fistula on infected albino rat model. J Surg Res. 2006;131(2): 283–289.
Jagatheeswari D, Deepa J, Ali HSJ, Ranganathan P. Acalypha indica L-An important medicinal plant: a review of its traditional uses and pharmacological properties. Int J Res Bot. 2013;3(1): 19–22.
Rajeswari R, Thejomoorthy P, Mathuram LN, Raju K. Anti-inflammatory activity of Cassia fistula Linn. bark extracts in sub-acute models of inflammation in rats. Tamilnadu J Vet Anim Sci. 2006;2(5): 193–199.
Carroll KK, Guthrie N, So FV, Chambers AF. Anticancer properties of flavonoids, with emphasis on citrus flavonoids. In: Rice-Evans C, Packer L. (Eds.). Flavonoids in health and disease. New York: Marcel Dekker; 1997.
Morgan MT, Nakanishi Y, Kroll DJ, Griset AP, Carnahan MA,… Grinstaff MW. Dendrimer-encapsulated camptothecins: increased solubility, cellular uptake, and cellular retention affords enhanced anticancer activity in vitro. Cancer Res. 2006;66(24): 11913–11921.
Trujillo KA, Akil H. Inhibition of morphine tolerance and dependence by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801. Science. 1991;251(4989): 85–87.
Mansour A, Fox CA, Burke S, Meng F, Thompson RC,… Watson SJ. Mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptor mRNA expression in the rat CNS: an in situ hybridization study. J Comp Neurol. 1994;350(3): 412–438.
Pestalozzi BC, Zahrieh D, Price K, Holmberg S, Lindtner J,… Pagani O. Identifying breast cancer patients at risk for Central Nervous System (CNS) metastases in trials of the International Breast Cancer Study Group (IBCSG). Ann Oncol. 2006;17(6): 935–944.
Wirotesangthong M, Inagaki N, Tanaka H, Thanakijcharoenpath W, Nagai H. Inhibitory effects of Piper betle on production of allergic mediators by bone marrow-derived mast cells and lung epithelial cells. Int Immunopharmacol. 2008;8(3): 453–457.
Borrelli F, Izzo AA. The plant kingdom as a source of anti‐ulcer remedies. Phytother Res. 2000;14(8): 581–591.
Gregory M, Vithalrao K, Gregory F, Kalaichelvan V. Anti-ulcer (ulcer-preventive) activity of Ficus arnottiana Miq.(Moraceae) leaf methanolic extract. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2009; 4(3): 89-93. DOI: 10.3844/ajptsp.2009.89.93
Mei Z, Li X, Wu Q, Hu S, Yang X. The research on the anti-inflammatory activity and hepatotoxicity of triptolide-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle. Pharmacol Res. 2005;51(4): 345–351.
Ahmad I, Mehmood Z, Mohammad F. Screening of some Indian medicinal plants for their antimicrobial properties. J Ethnopharmacol. 1998;62(2): 183–193.
Srinivas G, Babykutty S, Sathiadevan PP, Srinivas P. Molecular mechanism of emodin action: transition from laxative ingredient to an antitumor agent. Med Res Rev. 2007;27(5): 591–608.
Sackellares JC, Lee SI, Dreifuss F. Stupor following administration of valproic acid to patients receiving other antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia. 1979;20(6): 697–703.
Beniczky SA, Viken J, Jensen LT, Andersen NB. Bone mineral density in adult patients treated with various antiepileptic drugs. Seizure-Eur J Epilep. 2012;21(6): 471–472.
Feedipedia. (n.d.). Golden tree (Cassia fistula). Retrieved from https://www.feedipedia.org/node/325
Copyright (c) 2020 Muhammad Saeed, Sumra Naseer, Shabbir Hussain, Muhammad Iqbal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
