Bacterial Assisted Phytoremediation of Selenite in Mung Bean Plants
Abstract
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Background. Heavy metals causing environmental pollution have become a severe global threat. Moreover, their accumulation in soil poses significant risks to human health. Bioremediation is widely accepted as a cost-effective, non-destructive, and natural process for soil remediation. Additionally, phytoremediation, which involves using plants to remediate polluted soil and reduce toxic effects in the environment, is an efficient, environmentally friendly, and low-cost method currently in practice. The current study attempted to analyze the selenite reduction potential of bacteria by the efficient plant microbe interaction. Moreover, it also determined the effects of bio-transformed selenium on plant yield and growth.
Method. The current study compared the protein content, plant chlorophyll content, plant dry weight and fresh weight, and yield parameters (such as the number of pods and the weight of grains per pod) in Vigna radiata plants treated with selenium and inoculated with selenium-resistant bacterial strains, to plants inoculated with bacterial strains without selenium treatment.
Results. The study reported significant enhancements in Vigna radiata treated with selenium as compared to controls. For instance, protein content increased by 50%, pigment production by 43%, fresh weight by 61%, dry weight by 95%, number of pods by 72%, and grain weight by 90%. Selenium-resistant strains C3, F6, G7, H8, I9, N14, Q17, and R18 notably increased plant yield.
Conclusion. These findings support the benefits of bio-transformed selenium in improving both yield and growth parameters. The current study suggested that phytoremediation using selenium-resistant bacteria can be scaled up to remediate contaminated land and boost crop yield. The bacterial strains also demonstrated 80-90% cross metal reduction potential.
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