Polymeric Rod-shaped Lanthanum Oxide Nanoparticles Generated from Polygonum Minus Leaf Extract: Synthesis, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activities
Abstract

The need to synthesise metal nanoparticles has emerged in recent years due to their wide range of applications in various biological activities. This study reports a facile and rapid synthesis of biogenic lanthanum nanoparticles using Polygonum minus leaf extract as reducing agent. The reduction of La+3 to elemental La rapidly occured and was completed within 10 minutes at room temperature. Moreover, the size of nanoparticles is higly sensitive to leaf extract concentration and pH. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using Fourier transform infra-red (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and UV-Visible (Uv-Vis) spectroscopy. The FTIR analysis of the La2O3 NPs confirmed the presence of characteristic La-O band at 614 cm-1. The band of La2O3 NPs was observed in the range of 300-400 nm in Uv-Vis spectrum, which further affirmed its successful synthesis. The EDAX analysis confirmed the presence of La in the produced nanoparticles. FESEM showed them as elongated rod-like structure with a uniform particle size of about 343 nm, determined by image J software and confirming their rod-like morphology. The virtual broad band in the XRD pattern revealed the lack of a periodic crystal structure, implying that the produced nanoparticles were entirely amorphous. The TG-DTA results showed their thermal stability. Further, the nanoparticles were subjected to antioxidant activity using DPPH assay. The results revealed that La2O3 NPs exhibited 28.3% inhibition. The synthesized nanoparticles open new frontiers for various other biological applications.
Downloads
References
Sulaiman N, Yulizar Y, Apriandanu DOB. Eco-friendly method for synthesis of La2O3 nanoparticles using Physalis angulata leaf extract. AIP Conf Proc. 2018;(October 2018):1–6. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5064102
Hollande E, Lebugle A. Europium-doped bioapatite: a new photostable biological probe, internalizable by human cells. Biomater. 2003;24:3365–3371. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0142-9612(03)00169-8
Balusamy B, et al. Characterization and bacterial toxicity of lanthanum oxide bulk and nanoparticles. J Rare Earths. 2012;30(12):1298–1302. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0721(12)602245
Moothedan M, Sherly KB. Synthesis, characterization and sorption studies of nano lanthanum oxide. J Water Process Eng. 2016;9:29–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2015.11.002
Akhtar MS, Panwar J, Yun YS. Biogenic synthesis of metallic nanoparticles by plant extracts. ACS Sustain Chem Eng. 2013;1(6):591–602. https://doi.org/10.1021/sc300118u
Manoj KA, et al. Biogenic synthesis, characterization and biological activity of lanthanum nanoparticles. Mater Today Proc. 2020;21:887–895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2019.07.727
Narayanan KB, Sakthivel N. Green synthesis of biogenic metal nanoparticles by terrestrial and aquatic phototrophic and heterotrophic eukaryotes and biocompatible agents. Adv Colloid Interface Sci. 2011;169(2):59–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2011.08.004
Zheng H, et al. Hydrothermal synthesis of various shape-controlled europium hydroxides. Nanomater. 2021;11(2):1–10. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano11020529
Veerasingam M, Murugesan B, Mahalingam S. Ionic liquid mediated morphologically improved lanthanum oxide nanoparticles by Andrographis paniculata leaves extract and its biomedical applications. J Rare Earths. 2020;38(3):281–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jre.2019.06.006
Maheshwaran G, et al. Eco-friendly synthesis of lanthanum oxide nanoparticles by Eucalyptus globulus leaf extracts for effective biomedical applications. Mater Lett. 2021;283(1):128799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2020.128799
Dabhane H, et al. Plant mediated green synthesis of lanthanum oxide (La2O3) nanoparticles: a review. Asian J Nanosci Mater. 2020;3(November):291–299. https://doi.org/10.26655/AJNANOMAT.2020.4.3
Miean KH, Mohamed S. Flavonoid (myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and apigenin) content of edible tropical plants. J Agric Food Chem. 2001;49(6):3106–3112. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf000892m
Ingale AG, Chaudhari AN. Biogenic synthesis of nanoparticles and potential applications: an ecofriendly approach. J Nanomed Nanotechnol. 2013;4(2):1–7. https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7439.1000165
Shameli K, et al. Green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Callicarpa maingayi stem bark extraction. Molecules. 2012;17(7):8506–8517. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17078506
Bhakya S, et al. Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Appl Nanosci. 2016;6(5):755–766. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-015-0473-z
Saware K, Venkataraman A. Biosynthesis and characterization of stable silver nanoparticles using Ficus religiosa leaf extract: a mechanism perspective. J Clust Sci. 2014;25(4):1157–1171. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-014-0697-1
Jain S, Mehata MS. Medicinal plant leaf extract and pure flavonoid mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their enhanced antibacterial property. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15724-8
Dwivedi AD, Gopal K. Biosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Chenopodium album leaf extract. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp. 2010;369(1–3):27–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2010.07.020
Liu B, et al. Optimization of high-yield biological synthesis of single-crystalline gold nanoplates. J Phys Chem B. 2005;109(32):15256–15263. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp051449n
Panáček A, et al. Silver colloid nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and their antibacterial activity. J Phys Chem B. 2006;110(33):16248–16253. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp063826h
Noruzi M, Zare D, Davoodi D. A rapid biosynthesis route for the preparation of gold nanoparticles by aqueous extract of cypress leaves at room temperature. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2012:84–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2012.03.041
Diallo A, et al. Green synthesis of CO3O4 nanoparticles via Aspalathus linearis: physical properties. Green Chem Lett Rev. 2015;8(3–4):30–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2015.1082646
Thema FT, et al. Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles via Agathosma betulina natural extract. Mater Lett. 2015;161:124–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2015.08.052
Xing J, et al. High-efficiency light-emitting diodes of organometal halide perovskite amorphous nanoparticles. ACS Nano. 2016;10(7):6623–6630. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b01540
Hoang V, Ganguli D. Amorphous nanoparticles - experiments and computer simulations. Phys Rep. 2012;518(3):81–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physrep.2012.07.004
Khan I, Saeed K, Khan I. Nanoparticles: properties, applications and toxicities. Arab J Chem. 2019;12(7):908–931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.05.011
Lee H, et al. Molecularly self-assembled nucleic acid nanoparticles for targeted in vivo siRNA delivery. Nat Nanotechnol. 2012;7(6):389–393. https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2012.73
Zielinska A, et al. Polymeric nanoparticles: production, characterization, toxicology and ecotoxicology. Molecules. 2020;25(16). https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163731
Medina C, et al. Nanoparticles: pharmacological and toxicological significance. Br J Pharmacol. 2007;150(5):552–558. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0707130
Pocurull E, Marcé RM, Borrull F. Determination of phenolic compounds in natural waters by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and electrochemical detection after on-line trace enrichment. J Chromatogr A. 1996;738(1):1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(96)00070-2
Dauthal P, Mukhopadhyay M. Prunus domestica fruit extract-mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles and its catalytic activity for 4-nitrophenol reduction. Ind Eng Chem Res. 2012;51(40):13014–13020. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie300369g
Miean KH, Mohamed S. Flavonoid (myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin, and apigenin content of edible tropical plants. J Agric Food Chem. 2001;49:3106–3112.
Imanaka N, Masui T, Kato Y. Preparation of the cubic-type La2O3 phase by thermal decomposition of LaI3. J Solid State Chem. 2005;178(1):395–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssc.2004.11.006
Chakraborty P, Dam D, Abraham J. Bioactivity of lanthanum nanoparticle synthesized using Trigonella foenum-graecum seed extract. J Pharm Sci Res. 2016;8(11):1253–1257.
Borhamdin S, Shamsuddin M, Alizadeh A. Biostabilised icosahedral gold nanoparticles: synthesis, cyclic voltammetric studies and catalytic activity towards 4-nitrophenol reduction. J Exp Nanosci. 2016;11(7):518–530. https://doi.org/10.1080/17458080.2015.1090021
Singh J, Dhaliwal AS. Novel green synthesis and characterization of the antioxidant activity of silver nanoparticles prepared from Nepeta leucophylla root extract. Anal Lett. 2018;0(0):1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/00032719.2018.1454936

Copyright (c) 2025 Aziza Sarwar Sarwar

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.