Evaluating Frontiers in Nanotechnology: A Review of Novel Nanoparticle Technology in Drug Delivery Systems (DDS)
Abstract
Abstract Views: 427
Nanotechnology is a groundbreaking field that manipulates materials at the nanoscale, enabling unprecedented control over their properties. In medicine, nanoparticles enable targeted drug delivery and precise diagnostics. In electronics, they contribute to miniaturized devices and high-performance sensors. Additionally, nanoparticles also encompass their role in environmental remediation techniques. The current review article aims to provide a comprehensive and updated overview of recent developments in nanotechnology by highlighting the key advancements, novel applications, and future directions. Moreover, this article also contributes to the current understanding and impact of nanotechnology on multiple sectors by providing valuable insights for future researchers. For this purpose, different preparation methods can be used to prepare nanoparticles and offer various advantages due to their varying size, as they can cross the blood- brain barrier and skin, they are used in cosmetics, and they have many applications in drug therapy and diagnostics.
Downloads
References
Jeevanandam J, Barhoum A, Chan YS, Dufresne A, Danquah MK. Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: History, sources, toxicity and regulations. Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2018;9:1050–1074. https://doi.org/10.3762%2Fbjnano.9.98
Khan I, Saeed K, Khan I. Review nanoparticles: Properties, applications and toxicities. Arab J Chem. 2019;12(7):908–931. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2017.05.011
Varan G, Akkın S, Demirtürk N, Benito JM, Bilensoy E. Erlotinib entrapped in cholesterol-depleting cyclodextrin nanoparticles shows improved antitumoral efficacy in 3D spheroid tumors of the lung and the liver. J Drug Target. 2021;29(4):439–453. https://doi.org/10.1080/1061186X.2020.1853743
Caracciolo G, Vali H, Moore A, Mahmoudi M. Challenges in molecular diagnostic research in cancer nanotechnology. Nano Today. 2019;27:6–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nantod.2019.06.001
Prerna DA, Ratan G. Nanoparticles: An overview. Drug Cell Therap Haematol. 2021;10(1):1487–1497.
Yezdani U, Khan MG, Kushwah N, Verma A, Khan F. Nanotechnology in diagnosis and treatment of various diseases and its future advances in medicine. World J Pharm Pharm Sci. 2018;7(11):1611–1633. https://doi.org/10.20959/wjpps201818-12703
Jamkhande PG, Ghule NW, Bamer AH, Kalaskar MG. Metal nanoparticles synthesis: An overview on methods of preparation, advantages and disadvantages, and applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol. 2019;53:e101174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jddst.2019.101174
Kanelidis I, Kraus T. The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics. Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2017;8:2625–2639. https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.8.263
Guo D, Xie G, Luo J. Mechanical properties of nanoparticles: Basics and applications. J Phys D: Appl Phys. 2013;47:e013001. https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/47/1/013001
D’Amato R, Falconieri M, Gagliardi S, et al. Synthesis of ceramic nanoparticles by laser pyrolysis: From research to applications. J Anal Appl Pyrolysis. 2013;104:461–469. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2013.05.026
Tiquia-Arashiro S, Rodrigues DF. Extremophiles: Applications in Nanotechnology. Springer; 2016. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45215-9
Castro E, Kumar A. Nanoparticles in drug delivery systems. In: Arun K, Mansour HM, Adam F, Eric RB, eds. Nanomedicine in drug delivery. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 2013:1–22.
Tang L, He S, Yin Y, et al. Combination of nanomaterials in cell-based drug delivery systems for cancer treatment. Pharmaceutics. 2021;13(11):e1888. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13111888
Kreuter J. Drug delivery to the central nervous system by polymeric nanoparticles: What do we know? Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2014;71:2–14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.008
Kulkarni SA, Feng S-S. Effects of particle size and surface modification on cellular uptake and biodistribution of polymeric nanoparticles for drug delivery. Pharm Res. 2013;30:2512–2522. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-012-0958-3
Truong NP, Whittaker MR, Mak CW, Davis TP. The importance of nanoparticle shape in cancer drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2015;12(1):129–142. https://doi.org/10.1517/17425247.2014.950564
Hui Y, Yi X, Hou F, et al. Role of nanoparticle mechanical properties in cancer drug delivery. ACS Nano. 2019;13(7):7410–7424. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b03924
SC Thomas, Mishra PK, Talegaonkar S. Ceramic nanoparticles: Fabrication methods and applications in drug delivery. Curr Pharm Des. 2015;21(42):6165–6188.
Vengala P, Dintakurthi S, Subrahmanyam CVS. Lactose coated ceramic nanoparticles for oral drug delivery. J Pharm Res. 2013;7(6):540–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jopr.2013.06.015
Sourice J, Quinsac A, Leconte Y, et al. One-step synthesis of Si@ C nanoparticles by laser pyrolysis: High-capacity anode material for lithium-ion batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2015;7(12):6637–6644. https://doi.org/10.1021/am5089742
Mostafa AM, Mwafy EA. Synthesis of ZnO and Au@ ZnO core/shell nano-catalysts by pulsed laser ablation in different liquid media. J Mater Res Technol. 2020;9(3):3241–3248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2020.01.071
Wang B, Wang C, Yu X, et al. General synthesis of high-entropy alloy and ceramic nanoparticles in nanoseconds. Nat Synth. 2022;1:138–146. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44160-021-00004-1
Ismik D, Mansuroglu DS, Buluş E, Sahin YM. The use of chitosan nanoparticles obtained by ionic gelation method as a drug delivery system. J Mater Electron Device. 2020;5(1):6–11.
Katouzian I, Jafari SM. Nano-encapsulation as a promising approach for targeted delivery and controlled release of vitamins. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2016;53:34–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2016.05.002
Zielińska A, Carreiró F, Oliveira AM, et al. Polymeric nanoparticles: Production, characterization, toxicology and ecotoxicology. Molecules. 2020;25(16):e3731. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25163731
Majid A, Ahmed W, Patil-Sen Y, Sen T. Synthesis and characterisation of magnetic nanoparticles in medicine. In: Jackson M, Ahmed W, eds. Micro and Nanomanufacturing Volume II. Springer Cham; 2018: 413–442. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67132-1_14
Patil YP, Jadhav S. Novel methods for liposome preparation. Chem Phys Lip. 2014;177:8–18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2013.10.011
Allen TM, Cullis PR. Liposomal drug delivery systems: From concept to clinical applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2013;65(1):36–48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2012.09.037
Gabizon AA, Patil Y, La-Beck NM. New insights and evolving role of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in cancer therapy. Drug Resist Updat. 2016;29:90–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drup.2016.10.003
Bozzuto G, Molinari A. Liposomes as nanomedical devices. Int J Nanomedicine. 2015;10:975–999. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S68861
Daraee H, Etemadi A, Kouhi M, Alimirzalu S, Akbarzadeh A. Application of liposomes in medicine and drug delivery. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2016;44(1):381–391. https://doi.org/10.3109/21691401.2014.953633
Palchetti S, Colapicchioni V, Digiacomo L, et al. The protein corona of circulating PEGylated liposomes. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr. 2016;1858(2):189–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.11.012
Nsairat H, Khater D, Sayed U, Odeh F, Al Bawab A, Alshaer W. Liposomes: structure, composition, types, and clinical applications. Heliyon. 2022;8:e09394. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09394
Kamiya K, Takeuchi S. Giant liposome formation toward the synthesis of well-defined artificial cells. J Mater Chem B. 2017;5(30):5911–5923. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TB01322A
Chaurasiya A, Gorajiya A, Panchal K, Katke S, Singh AK. A review on multivesicular liposomes for pharmaceutical applications: Preparation, characterization, and translational challenges. Drug Deliv Transl Res. 2022;12:1569–1587. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13346-021-01060-y
Salimi A. Liposomes as a novel drug delivery system: Fundamental and pharmaceutical application. Asian J Pharm. 2018;12(01):S31–S41.
Hauser H. Phospholipid vesicles. In: Cevc G, (ed). Phospholipids handbook. Boca Raton: CRC Press; 1993: 603–637.
Parajapati SK, Maurya SD, Das MK, Tilak VK, Verma KK, Dhakar RC. Potential application of dendrimers in drug delivery: A concise review and update. J Drug Deliv Ther. 2016;6(2):71–88. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v6i2.1195
Wang H, Huang Q, Chang H, Xiao J, Cheng Y. Stimuli-responsive dendrimers in drug delivery. Biomater Sci. 2016;4(3):375–390. https://doi.org/10.1039/C5BM00532A
Huang D, Wu D. Biodegradable dendrimers for drug delivery. Mater Sci Eng C. 2018;90:713–727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2018.03.002
Taheri-Kafrani A, Shirzadfar H, Tavassoli-Kafrani E. Dendrimers and dendrimers-grafted superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, functionalization, and biological applications in drug delivery systems. In: Grumezescu AM, (ed). Nano-and Microscale Drug Delivery Systems. Elsevier; 2017: 75–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-52727-9.00005-4
Buitrago MdlSE, Fernández MÁM. Dendrimers and their applications in biomedicine: Dendrimer-drug interaction, a new therapeutic alternative. In: Kesharwani P, ed. Dendrimer-Based Nanotherapeutics. Academic Press; 2021:163–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821250-9.00019-6
Bhatia S. Nanoparticles types, classification, characterization, fabrication methods and drug delivery applications. In: Bhatia S, ed. Natural Polymer Drug Delivery Systems: Nanoparticles, Plants, and Algae. Springer Cham; 2016: 33–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-41129-3_2
Bhakya S, Muthukrishnan S, Sukumaran M, Muthukumar M. Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Appl Nanosci. 2016;6:755–766. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-015-0473-z
Rudramurthy GR, Swamy MK. Potential applications of engineered nanoparticles in medicine and biology: An update. J Biol Inorg Chem. 2018;23:1185–1204. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00775-018-1600-6
McNamara K, Tofail SA. Nanoparticles in biomedical applications. Adv Phys-X. 2017;2(1):54–88. https://doi.org/10.1080/23746149.2016.1254570
Nuruzzaman M, Rahman MM, Liu Y, Naidu R. Nanoencapsulation, nano-guard for pesticides: A new window for safe application. J Agric Food Chem. 2016;64(7):1447–1483. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b05214
Patel J, Patel A, Patel N. Nanotechnology in TB diagnosis. In: Shegokar R, Pathak Y, (eds). Infectious Diseases Drug Delivery Systems. Springer; 2023: 101–125.
Yigit MV, Moore A, Medarova Z. Magnetic nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis and therapy. Pharm Res. 2012;29:1180–1188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-012-0679-7
Wu M, Huang S. Magnetic nanoparticles in cancer diagnosis, drug delivery and treatment. Mol Clin Oncol. 2017;7(5):738–746. https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2017.1399
Seleci D, Seleci M, Walter J, Stahl F, Scheper T. Niosomes as nanoparticular drug carriers: Fundamentals and recent applications. J Nanomater. 2016;2016:e7372306. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/7372306
Revia RA, Zhang M. Magnetite nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis, treatment, and treatment monitoring: Recent advances. Mater Today. 2016;19(3):157–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2015.08.022
Arap W, Pasqualini R, Montalti M, et al. Luminescent silica nanoparticles for cancer diagnosis. Curr Med Chem. 2013;20(17):2195–2211.
Manescu V, Paltanea G, Antoniac I, Vasilescu M. Magnetic nanoparticles used in oncology. Materials. 2021;14(20):e5948. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14205948
Hersh AM, Alomari S, Tyler BM. Crossing the blood-brain barrier: Advances in nanoparticle technology for drug delivery in neuro-oncology. Int J Mol Sci. 2022;23(8):e4153. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23084153
Bejarano J, Navarro-Marquez M, Morales-Zavala F, et al. Nanoparticles for diagnosis and therapy of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction: Evolution toward prospective theranostic approaches. Theranostics. 2018;8(17):4710–4732. https://doi.org/10.7150%2Fthno.26284
Mieszawska AJ, Mulder WJ, Fayad ZA, Cormode DP. Multifunctional gold nanoparticles for diagnosis and therapy of disease. Mol Pharmaceutics. 2013;10(3):831–847. https://doi.org/10.1021/mp3005885
Carneiro MFH, Barbosa F Jr.. Gold nanoparticles: A critical review of therapeutic applications and toxicological aspects. J Toxicol Environ Health B. 2016;19(3-4):129–148. https://doi.org/10.1080/10937404.2016.1168762
Sercan D, Altay F. Biosensors from the first generation to nano-biosensors. Int Adv Res Eng J. 2018;2(2):200–207.
Soler M, Huertas CS, Lechuga LM. Label-free plasmonic biosensors for point-of-care diagnostics: A review. Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2019;19(1):71–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/14737159.2019.1554435
Mauriz E, Dey P, Lechuga LM. Advances in nano plasmonic biosensors for clinical applications. Analyst. 2019;144(24):7105–7129. https://doi.org/10.1039/C9AN00701F
He J, Li C, Ding L, et al. Tumor targeting strategies of smart fluorescent nanoparticles and their applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Adv Mater. 2019;31(40):e1902409. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201902409
Yuan P, Ding X, Yang YY, Xu QH. Metal nanoparticles for diagnosis and therapy of bacterial infection. Adv Healthc Mater. 2018;7(13):e1701392. https://doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201701392
Fernando S, Gunasekara T, Holton J. Antimicrobial nanoparticles: Applications and mechanisms of action. Sri Lankan J Infect Dis. 2018;8(1):2–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljid.v8i1.8167
Kumar VV, Anthony SP. Antimicrobial studies of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. In: Grumezescu AM, (ed). Surface Chemistry of Nanobiomaterials. Elsevier; 2016: 265–300.
Slavin YN, Asnis J, Hńfeli UO, Bach H. Metal nanoparticles: Understanding the mechanisms behind antibacterial activity. J Nanobiotechnol. 2017;15:e65. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-017-0308-z
Salomoni R, Léo P, Montemor A, Rinaldi B, Rodrigues M. Antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nanotechnol Sci Appl. 2017;10:115–121. https://doi.org/10.2147/NSA.S133415
Scioli Montoto S, Muraca G, Ruiz ME. Solid lipid nanoparticles for drug delivery: Pharmacological and biopharmaceutical aspects. Front Mol Biosci. 2020;7:e587997. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2020.587997
Almawash S. Solid lipid nanoparticles, an effective carrier for classical antifungal drugs. Saudi Pharm J. 2023;31(7):1167–1180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2023.05.011
Tsai T-T, Huang C-Y, Chen C-A, et al. Diagnosis of Tuberculosis using colorimetric gold nanoparticles on a paper-based analytical device. ACS Sens. 2017;2(9):1345–1354. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.7b00450
Tsai T-T, Shen S-W, Cheng C-M, Chen C-F. Paper-based tuberculosis diagnostic devices with colorimetric gold nanoparticles. Sci Technol Adv Mater. 2013;14(4):e044404. https://doi.org/10.1088/1468-6996/14/4/044404
Tufa LT, Oh S, Tran VT, et al. Electrochemical immunosensor using nanotriplex of graphene quantum dots, Fe3O4, and Ag nanoparticles for Tuberculosis. Electrochim Acta. 2018;290:369–377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.09.108
León-Janampa N, Zimic M, Shinkaruk S, et al. Synthesis, characterization and bio-functionalization of magnetic nanoparticles to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Nanotechnol. 2020;31(17):e175101. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ab6ab1
Bhusal N, Shrestha S, Pote N, Alocilja EC. Nanoparticle-based biosensing of tuberculosis, an affordable and practical alternative to current methods. Biosensors. 2019;9(1):e1. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios9010001
Yang Y. Upconversion nanophosphors for use in bioimaging, therapy, drug delivery and bioassays. Microchim Acta. 2014;181:263–294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-013-1139-8
Yarbakht M, Nikkhah M. Unmodified gold nanoparticles as a colorimetric probe for visual methamphetamine detection. J Exp Nanosci. 2016;11(7):593–601. https://doi.org/10.1080/17458080.2015.1100333
Wu K, Chugh VK, D. Krishna V, et al. One-step, wash-free, nanoparticle clustering-based magnetic particle spectroscopy bioassay method for detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in the liquid phase. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2021;13(37):44136–44146. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c14657
Wolfbeis OS. An overview of nanoparticles commonly used in fluorescent bioimaging. Chem Soc Rev. 2015;44:4743–4768. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CS00392F
DaCosta MV, Doughan S, Han Y, Krull UJ. Lanthanide upconversion nanoparticles and applications in bioassays and bioimaging: A review. Anal Chim Acta. 2014;832:1–33. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2014.04.030
Baetke SC, Lammers T, Kiessling F. Applications of nanoparticles for diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Br J Radiol. 2015;88(1054):e20150207. https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20150207
Naahidi S, Jafari M, Edalat F, Raymond K, Khademhosseini A, Chen P. Biocompatibility of engineered nanoparticles for drug delivery. J Control Release. 2013;166(2):182–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.12.013
Cheng CJ, Tietjen GT, Saucier-Sawyer JK, Saltzman WM. A holistic approach to targeting disease with polymeric nanoparticles. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2015;14:239–247. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrd4503
Stockwell J, Abdi N, Lu X, Maheshwari O, Taghibiglou C. Novel central nervous system drug delivery systems. Chem Biol Drug Des. 2014;83(5):507–520. https://doi.org/10.1111/cbdd.12268
Zhu Y, Liao L. Applications of nanoparticles for anticancer drug delivery: A review. J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2015;15(7):4753–4773. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2015.10298
Sender R, Milo R. The distribution of cellular turnover in the human body. Nat Med. 2021;27:45–48. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-01182-9
Kang C, Sun Y, Zhu J, et al. Delivery of nanoparticles for treatment of brain tumor. Curr Drug Metab. 2016;17(8):745–754.
Zhang C, Zheng X, Wan X, et al. The potential use of H102 peptide-loaded dual-functional nanoparticles in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. J Control Release. 2014;192:317–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.07.050
Abbas M. Potential role of nanoparticles in treating the accumulation of amyloid-beta peptide in Alzheimer’s patients. Polymers. 2021;13(7):e1051. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13071051
Hartl N, Adams F, Merkel OM. From adsorption to covalent bonding: Apolipoprotein E functionalization of polymeric nanoparticles for drug delivery across the blood–brain barrier. Adv Ther. 2021;4(1):e2000092. https://doi.org/10.1002/adtp.202000092
Loureiro JA, Andrade S, Duarte A, et al. Resveratrol and grape extract-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Molecules. 2017;22(2):e277. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22020277
Casals E, Zeng M, Parra‐Robert M, et al. Cerium oxide nanoparticles: Advances in biodistribution, toxicity, and preclinical exploration. Small. 2020;16(20):e1907322. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201907322
Copyright (c) 2023 Zainab Naeem, Tayyaba Rana, Sumiyya Javaid

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal




